Global climate change has become a crucial international environmental and political issue. Research on global climate change began as early as the 1950s, and gradually spread to different governments. The climate change issue attracted the attention of the United Nations, which subsequently placed it into the UN agenda and shaped an international cooperation mechanism to manage the issue. In 1992, the United Nations adopted the ”United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,” which became effective in 1994. The 15th International Conference on Climate Change was convened in Copenhagen in 2009 because of the impending expiration of the Kyoto Protocol. International efforts concerning global climate change are apparent; however, this study investigated whether recent efforts have achieved the expected goals or effects. The study used the control theory to conduct analysis and use related Chinese and English literature as the content for analysis, attempting to understand state efforts concerning global climate change and dilemmas from a wide perspective. Researchers considered the opportunities and challenges that humans face in regard to environmental problems, such as global climate change.