目的：本研究旨在應用跨理論模式瞭解不同背景因素對社會心理因素的影響情形，並探討游泳運動階段對社會心理因素的預測力。方法：採用社會心理因素問卷量表及分層比例叢集抽樣，針對臺灣地區的縣市公立游泳池的參與民眾進行調查，共抽出300份有效問卷，並透過t 檢定、單因子變異數及多元迴歸分析等進行資料處理。結果：一、臺灣地區游泳參與者以女性較多，年齡多半在51歲以上，婚姻狀況以已婚佔多數，月收入方面以20,000元以下居多，教育程度方面以大專為最多。二、男性游泳參與者在運動自我效能優於女性，其中，收入愈高者的運動自我效能也較佳。另外，年齡在30歲以下且收入在20,000元以下的游泳參與者有較高的知覺運動障礙。三、無意圖期階段的游泳參與者的知覺運動障礙高於行動期和維持期的參與者。另外，準備期、行動期及維持期階段游泳參與者的運動自我效能優於無意圖期階段者，因此運動階段能有效預測知覺運動障礙與運動自我效能。

Purposes: This study was to apply transtheoretical model to understand the degree of impact of different background factors and on social psychological factor, further, to investigate the predictive power of the swimming exercise stage on social psychological factor. Methods: This study had taken the questionnaire of social psychological scales and stratified cluster sampling ratio to aim at the participants of the public swimming pools at Taiwan counties and cities to do investigation. There were totally 300 valid questionnaires returned, then data analysis by t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: 1. There were more female swimming participants than males in Taiwan and the married women of age 51 or more took the majority, their monthly income mostly less than NT$20,000 and with college graduated background. 2. Male swimmers have better self-efficacy than that of the females, of which, the higher the income, the better the self-efficacy. Besides, male swimmers of age under 30 with monthly income less than NT$20,000 have higher perception exercise obstacle. 3. Swimmers at no-intention stage have higher perception exercise problem than that of the action stage and maintaining stage swimmers. In addition, during the preparation, action, and maintaining stage, the exercise self-efficacy of the swimmers is better than that of those no-intention stage swimmers. Therefore, it is possible to predict effectively the perception exercise obstacle and exercise self-efficacy during the exercise stage.