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題名:歐洲監察使的職權行使方式與具體貢獻
書刊名:東海大學法學研究
作者:楊智傑 引用關係
作者(外文):Yang, Chih-chieh
出版日期:2012
卷期:37
頁次:頁39-96
主題關鍵詞:歐洲監察使歐洲議會陳情特別報告良好行政行為規範不當行政保障人權European ombudsmanThe European ParliamentComplaintsSpecial reportsCode of good administrative behaviorMaladministrationProtection of human rights
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本文研究歐洲監察使的起源、職權行使方式與具體貢獻。歐洲監察使的職權設計,採取軟法的方式,可受理歐盟人民對歐盟 行政機構與單位之不當行政的陳情案,處理方法有友善解決方案、批判性評論、草擬建議和特別報告。本文研究從1995年第一任歐洲監察使起到2005年間,其主要的貢獻。其主要貢獻領域為一、澄清不當行政概念,二、推動良好行政行為規範,三、促進資訊公開方面的努力外,四、處理政府契約的遲延給付問題、契約糾紛問題及五、促進具體人權。根據本文研究發現,雖然歐洲監察使的處置方式並無拘束力,僅有建議性質,但在其努力下,歐盟各行政機構都盡量配合遵守其建議。此外,其除了個案,也會利用向歐洲議會提出的特別報告,推動制定或修改法規。其協助推動制定了歐洲良好行政行為規範,並推動歐盟各機構制定或修改其資訊公開的規定。從此面向來看,歐盟監察使可以用較柔性的方法,促成法規的修正,而達到保障人權的功能。
In this paper, we explore the origin of the European Ombudsman, the way it implemented duty, and its specific contributions. The design of European Ombudsman, takes the soft law approach. The EU people can complain about maladministration of European institutions and body to European Ombudsman, and the ways Ombudsman deal with these complaints includes friendly solution, critical comments, draft recommendations and special reports. In this paper, we study what specific contributions European Ombudsman accomplish from first European Ombudsman since 1995 to 2005. The main contribution includes five issues: 1. clarify the concept of maladministration, 2. to promote the Code of good administrative behavior, 3. efforts to promote information open, 4. dealing with government contracts delay payment problems, contract disputes and 5. promote specific human rights.According to this study, we found that although the manner of disposal of the European Ombudsman are non-binding and only advisory in nature, but in its efforts, the EU executive body often comply with its recommendations as possible as they can. Apart from dealing with the cases complaint proposed, European Ombudsman use special reports for European Parliament, to facilitate the adopt or modify some regulations. It help promoting to adopt the Code of Good Administrative Behavior, and push the EU institutions to develop or modify their information open rules. In this aspect, EU Ombudsman can use more flexible approach to make laws and regulations adopted or amended, to achieve the functions of protecting human rights.
期刊論文
1.蘇永欽(20050300)。從監察院空轉看提名、同意權的行使。法令月刊,56(3),4-11。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Cadeddu, Simone(2004)。The Proceedings of the European Ombudsman。Law & Contemp. Prob.,68,161。  new window
3.Davis, Roy W.(2000)。Quasi-Judicial Review: The European Ombudsman As An Alternative To The European Courts。Web Journal of Current Legal,1。  new window
4.張文貞(20041200)。新世紀臺灣憲改的制度選擇--論監察院、考試院與國民大會的存廢。月旦法學,115,209-225。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.蘇友辰(20021200)。論國家人權委員會的角色與地位。國家政策季刊,1(2),1-32。  延伸查詢new window
6.Reif, Linda C.(2000)。Building Democratic Institutions: The Role of national Human Rights Institutions in Good Governance and Human Rights Protection。Harvard Human Rights Journal,13。  new window
7.Weiss, Friedl、Steiner, Silke(2007)。Transparency as an Element of Good Governance in the Practice of the EU and the WTO: Overview and Comparison。FORDHAM INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL,30(5),1545。  new window
8.李惠宗(20071200)。憲法機關忠誠與立法不作為的違憲性--大法官釋字第六三二號解釋評析。月旦法學,151,156-168。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.Magnette, P.(2003)。Between parliamentary control and the rule of law: The political role of the ombudsman in the European Union。Journal of European Public Policy,10,677-694。  new window
圖書
1.Reif, Linda C.、監察院國際事務小組(2008)。監察與人權--良好治理及國際人權體系。臺北:監察院。  延伸查詢new window
2.Tushnet, Mark(2008)。Weak Court, Strong Right: Judicial Review and Social Welfare Rights in Comparative Constitutional Law。Princetion:Princetion University Press。  new window
3.Weiler, J. H. H.(1999)。The Constitution of Europe。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
其他
1.Besselink, Leonard F. M.(2000)。Types of National Institutions for Protection of Human Rights and Ombudsman Institutions: An Overview of Legal and Institutional Issues,Human Rights Commissions:Ombudsman Offices。  new window
圖書論文
1.廖福特(200712)。歐洲聯盟監察使。歐洲聯盟的組織與運作。五南。  延伸查詢new window
2.廖福特(200504)。聯合國對國家人權委員會之推動與實踐。國際人權法:議題分析與國内實踐。元照。  延伸查詢new window
3.Baviera, Saverio(2005)。Parallel Functions and Co-operation: the European Parliament’s Committee on Petitions and the European Ombudsman。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
4.Biering, Peter(2005)。The Danish Proposal to the Intergovernmental Conference on Political Union。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of The European Communities。  new window
5.Clariana, Gregorio Garzön(2005)。Holding the Administration Accountable in Respect of its Discretionary Powers: the Roles and Approaches of the Court, the Parliament and the European Ombudsman。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
6.Nikiforos, Diamandouros, P.(2005)。Reflections on the Future Role of the Ombudsman in a Changing Europe。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
7.Eeckhout, Jean-Claude、Godts, Philippe(2005)。The European Commission’s Internal Procedure for Dealing with the European Ombudsman’s Inquiries。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
8.Gammeltoft-Hansen, Hans(2005)。Trends Leading to the Establishment of a European Ombudsman。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
9.Gonzalez, Carlos Moreiro(2005)。The Spanish Proposal to the Intergovernmental Conference on Political Union。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
10.Gradin, Anita、Jacobsson, Ranveig(2005)。Safeguarding the Rights of European Citizens: the European Commission Working with the European Ombudsman。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
11.Magnette, Paul(2005)。The European Ombudsman: Protecting Citizens’ Rights and Strengthening Parliamentary Scrutiny。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office, for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
12.Newman, Eddy(2005)。The Policy-Relationship between the European Ombudsman and the European Parliament’s Committee on Petitions。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
13.Perillo, Ezio(2005)。The Process of Drafting the European Ombudsman’s Statute。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
14.Perry, Roy(2005)。Special Reports Submitted by the European Ombudsman to the European Parliament。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
15.Söderman, Jacob(2005)。The Early Years of the European Ombudsman。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
16.Valles, Juan Manuel Fabra(2005)。The European Ombudsman’s Resources: the Budget and Related Issues。The European Ombudsman: Origins, Establishment, Evolution。Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities。  new window
 
 
 
 
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