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題名：Acquisition of Three Chinese Sentence-Final Particles by English Learners
書刊名：華語文教學研究
作者：楊春生
作者(外文)：Yang, Chun-sheng
出版日期：2013
卷期：10:1
頁次：頁61-88
主題關鍵詞：句末語氣詞；華語；二語習得；作為外語的華語；Sentence-final particles；Mandarin Chinese；Second language acquisition；Chinese as a foreign language；CFL
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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本文研究以華語作為外語的學習者對華語語氣詞「嗎」、「吧」和「呢」的習得。研究發現不同學習者之間存在差異。中級華裔學習者比非華裔學習者有優勢，而高級華裔學習者並無此優勢。我們因此提出只有初級和中級的華裔學習者在語氣詞習得上比非華裔學習者有優勢。研究也發現同一個語氣詞的不同用法有不同的習得順序。對語氣詞習得偏誤的分析顯示，語氣詞的教學應在語境中進行。
This study examines the acquisition of three Chinese sentence-final particles (SFPs), ma, ba and ne, by English learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL), both heritage and non-heritage learners. Our analysis shows that different groups of learners have different patterns in the acquisition of SFPs. It is found that the intermediate-level heritage learners have advantage over the non-heritage learners at the same level, while the advanced-level heritage learners do not possess such advantage over the non-heritage learners at the same level. It is proposed that only at the beginning and intermediate levels do heritage language learners possess advantage over non-heritage language learners. Our study also shows that different usages of the same SFPs may be acquired in different orders by CFL learners. An analysis of the errors in the use of SFPs highlights the importance of situating the usages of SFPs in the context of discourse.
期刊論文
1.Alleton, Viviane(1981)。Final particles and expression of modality in modern Chinese。Journal of Chinese Linguistics，9(1)，91-115。  new window
2.Chu, Chauncey C.(1984)。Beef it up with ne。Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association，19(3)，87-91。  new window
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4.Marnev, John(1980)。More on zhe, ne and de。Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Assocation，15(2)，117-127。  new window
5.Ohta, Amy Snyder(1991)。Evidentiality and politeness in Japanese。Issues in Applied Linguistics，2(2)，211-238。  new window
6.Shibahara, Tomoko(2002)。Analysis of acquisition of "ne": A case study in the long-term Japanese teacher training program 2000-2001。Urawa Bulletin，12，19-34。  new window
7.Yang, Chunsheng、Marjorie. K.M. Chan(2011)。The perception of Mandarin Chinese tones and intonation by American learners。Journal of Chinese Language Teachers Association，45(1)，7-36。  new window
8.Yoshimi, Dina Rudolph(1999)。L1 language socialization as a variable in the sue of ne by L2 learners of Japanese。Journal of Pragamtics，31，1513-1525。  new window
9.Young, Richard(1999)。Sociolinguistic approaches to SLA。Annual Review of Applied Linguistics，19，111-128。  new window
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11.周士宏、岑運強(2008)。試論語氣助詞“吧”的情態意義。北方論叢，6，56-59。  延伸查詢new window
12.胡明揚(1981)。北京話的語氣助詞和嘆詞。中國語文，1981(5)，347-350。  延伸查詢new window
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會議論文
1.Masuda, Kyoko(2007)。Use of Japanese sentence-final particles in peer conversation。The 17th International Conference on Pragmatics and Language Learning, Honolulu, Hawaii。Honolulu, Hawaii。  new window
2.Tominami, Miki、Wataru Nakamura(2004)。The cross-sectional stud of acquisition of Japanese sentence final particles by Korean learners: An error analysis。The 6th Annual Conference on the Japanese Society for Languages, Nagoya, Japan。Nagoya, Japan。  new window
3.徐晶凝(2004)。語氣助詞“吧”的情態解釋。北京：北京大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Chan, Sze-man(2008)。The Acquisition of Cantonese Sentence-final Particles by Native Mandarin Speakers(碩士論文)。The Chinese University of Hong Kong，Hong Kong。  new window
2.Lu, W-Y.(2005)。Sentence-final Particles as Attitude Markers in Mandarin Chinese(博士論文)。University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign，Urbana。  new window
3.Ohta, Amy Snyder(1990)。Activity, affect, and stance: sentence particles in the discourse of Japanese a s foreign language classroom(博士論文)。University of California at Los Angeles，Los Angeles。  new window
4.Yang, Chunsheng(2011)。The Acquisition of Mandarin Prosody by American Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL)(博士論文)。The Ohio State University，Columbus。  new window
5.張小峰(2003)。現代漢語語氣詞“吧”、“呢”、“啊”的話語功能研究(博士論文)。上海師範大學，上海。  延伸查詢new window
6.張未然(2012)。句末語氣助詞“嗎、吧、呢”的語義研究(碩士論文)。北京大學，北京。  延伸查詢new window
7.陳丕榮(2009)。外籍學習者漢語句末語氣助詞習得研究與教學應用(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學，臺北。  延伸查詢new window
8.羅心寶(1990)。The Syntax and Phonology of Cantonese Sentence-final Particles(博士論文)。Boston University。  new window
圖書
1.Chan, Sai-Wing(1996)。Language Acquisition of Cantonese Sentence Final Particles by a Bilingual Child。Hong Kong：Hong Kong Baptist University。  new window
2.Iwai, Tomoko(2007)。Becoming a good conversationalist: Pragmatic development of JFL learners。Selected Papers from pragmatics in the CJK classroom: The state of the art。  new window
3.Sawyer, Mark(1992)。The development of pragmatics in Japanese as a second language: The sentence-final particle ne。Pragmatics of Japanese as Native and Target Langauge。Honolulu：University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center。  new window
4.Wen, Xiaohong(2012)。Learning and Teaching Chinese as a Second Language。Beijing：The Peking University Press。  new window
5.Yoshimi, Dina Rudolph(2001)。Explicit instruction and JFL learner’s use of interactional discourse markers. In Pragmatics and Language Teaching。Pragmatics and Language Teaching。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
6.孫汝建(1999)。語氣和口氣研究。北京：中國文聯出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.齊滬揚(2002)。語氣助詞與語氣系統。安徽：安徽教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.黎錦熙(2007)。新著國語文法。湖南教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.王力(1944)。中國語法理論。上海：商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
10.Xing, Janet Zhiqun(2006)。Teaching and Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language: A Pedagogical Grammar。Hong Kong：Hong Kong University Press。  new window
11.Maynard, Senko(1989)。Japanese Conversation: Self-Contextualization through Structure and Interactional Management。Norwood, NJ：Ablex。  new window
12.Li, Charles N.、Thompson, Sandra A.(1989)。Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar。University of California Press。  new window
13.呂叔湘(1942)。中國文法要略。上海：北京：商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
14.Matthews, Stephen、Yip, Moira Virginia(1994)。Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar。London：Routledge。  new window
15.屈承熹、潘文國(2006)。漢語篇章語法。北京：北京語言大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
16.Hymes, Dell H.(1974)。Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach。University of Pennsylvania Press。  new window
17.丁聲樹、呂叔湘、李榮、孫德宣、管燮初、傅婧、黃勝璋、陳治文(1961)。現代漢語語法講話。商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
18.邵敬敏(1996)。現代漢語疑問句研究。華東師範大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
19.趙元任(1968)。A Grammar of Spoken Chinese。University of California Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Pierrehumbert, Janet B.、Hirschberg, Julia Bell(1990)。The meaning of intonational contours in the interpretation of discourse。Intentions in Communication。MIT Press。  new window
2.He, Agnes Weiyun、Young, Richard(1998)。Language proficiency interviews: A discourse approach。Talking and Testing: Discourse Approaches to the Assessment of Oral Proficiency。Amsterdam：John Benjamins。  new window
3.OHTA, Amy Snyder(2001)。A longitudinal study of the development of expression of alignment in Japanese as a foreign language。Pragmatics in Language teaching。New York：Cambridge。  new window
 
 
 
 
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