十六世紀重洗派運動（Anabaptist Movement）初期的重要領袖漢斯登克（Hans Denck，1500－1527），原為一接受高等教育的人文主義學者（humanist scholar），在宗教改革（Reformation）如火如荼的年代，因為激進（radical）的神學思想遭受紐倫堡市議會（Nurembergcouncil）的驅逐。受到驅逐的登克，為了尋找內心的真理，與回應對聖靈與信仰的渴望，加入了重洗派弟兄會（Anabaptist Brethern）；在重洗派的社群（community）中，神學觀又朝向神秘主義（Mysticism）與唯靈主義（Spiritualism）傾斜。思想不斷改變的登克，除了在路德影響的區域中顯得格格不入，在重洗派中也因過於抽象而內在的神學，逐漸被後人遺忘。但登克的傳道之旅，成為重洗派運動初期的根基，也影響了重洗派的第一個信條〈施萊芬信條〉（The Schleitheim Confession）。本文先從宗教改革與重洗派運動的脈絡，介紹登克的生平，再以登克著作中的神學思想為基礎，討論何謂內在神學，以及受到內在信仰影響下的救恩觀；再從神的恩典與內在信仰，試析登克如何理解與詮釋聖禮和神學實踐的實行。

Hans Denck (1500- 1527) was an important leader in the early stage of Anabaptist movement in the sixteenth century and a well-educated humanist scholar. He taught there at Nuremberg but was excommunicated by the council for his radical belie. He then started a wandering life in search of the truth deep in his heart as a response to his enthusiasm for faith and Holy Spirit. This search, in the end, led him to join the Anabaptist Brethren. In this Anabaptist community, his theology was characterized with a strong strain of mysticism and spiritualism. This not only marked him from what prevailed in the area influenced by Lutheran theology but also pushed him to the margin in the Anabaptist movement he was adopted into because of his mysticism and spiritualism. In the background of the Reformation and the Anabaptist Movement, this article first will introduce the life and writing of Denck. Moreover, by defining Denck's theology, the article will explore the doctrine of inward belief and of salvation. Finally, the article will analyze Denck's theology of sacrament and how to realize the inner word of God.