戰爭中經常伴隨著掠奪的發生，戰勝國往往將戰敗國的藝術品、檔案與書籍作為戰利品徵收，或者對他國文物肆無忌憚地大肆破壞，導致人類文明的記憶受到難以彌補的傷害。隨著戰爭的演進，國際上對戰爭中的文物掠奪開始有更多法律約束，戰時的文物保護與戰後的文物歸還逐漸受到重視。本文透過戰爭中文物掠奪的歷史分析，及相關國際法律規約的綜整，企圖釐清國際間對戰爭中文物掠奪的相關規範，以及對文物保護與文物歸還的立場轉變。

Plundering has been a constant phenomenon during a war. The victorious side often commandeered art works, archives and books from the losing side as their trophies. Even worse, it recklessly inflicted destructions on cultural and historical relics in those defeated countries. These behaviors caused irreversible damage to human civilization. With the evolution of war, international community began to put forth more bidding laws to prohibit behaviors of plundering antiquity. People have paid more attention to the protection of antiquities during war time and return of looted artifacts after the war. This study analyzes historical records on wartime antiquity looting and review related international laws and regulations as a means to understand how international community prohibit the behavior of wartime antiquity looting and what have been changed for the protection and return of antiquity during and after a war.