十七世紀的卡爾德隆在其戲劇作品《人生如夢》中，抒寫浮生若夢的思想，一直影響到當代作品，例如1997年由西班牙電影導演阿枚那巴所執導的《睜開雙眼》。這部電影劇情懸疑恐怖，情節緊扣心弦，尤以強調主角內心處於現實與想像、夢醒之間的模稜情境時，尋找個人身份認同的議題，猶如《人生如夢》一般。本論文據此藉主題分析的方式，解析兩位不同時代的劇作家及電影導演，運用其獨有創作思想與美學，詮釋虛實情境交替之夢與身份認同議題的手法。

Calderón de la Barca, a famous author of the 17th century, looked at the meaning and the problem of life in his drama ＂Life is a Dream＂, which has been affecting the contemporary work since then. The film ＂Open Your Eyes＂, directed by Alejandro Amenábar in 1997 should be one of the examples. The plot of this suspense and horror movie closely touched the audience to the heart. Under the influence of Calderón, Amenábar also explored in his film the problem of personal identity and the ambiguity between reality and imagination, the dream and the insomnia as in ＂Life is a Dream＂ of Calderon. Based on thematic analysis, this study aims to analyze how these two authors of different eras interpret these two concepts: dreams and personal identity. The aesthetics of their works is also discussed.