Classification of Mandarin Chinese Simple Adjectives: A Scale-Based Analysis of Their Quantitative Denotations_

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題名：	Classification of Mandarin Chinese Simple Adjectives: A Scale-Based Analysis of Their Quantitative Denotations
書刊名：	語言暨語言學
作者：	林靜夏／白知永
作者(外文)：	Lin, Jingxia／Peck, Jeeyoung
出版日期：	2016
卷期：	17:6
頁次：	頁827-855
主題關鍵詞：	漢語；簡單形容詞；量級結構；量；Mandarin Chinese；Quantitative denotations；Scale structure；Simple adjectives
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:2 共同引用:4 點閱:4

本文是對現代漢語簡單形容詞的量級分析和分類，分析方法主要基於近年來英語形容詞的量級分析(scalaranalysis)－多數前人研究認爲所有漢語簡單形容詞都表達無界屬性(unbounded)。然而，本文認爲應在等級性(gradability)的概念下討論形容詞的有界性(boundedness)，並指出一些前人認爲是無界(unbounded)的簡單形容詞，實質爲有界(bounded)。此外，根據每個形容詞所蘊含的量級結構特徵，本文將漢語簡單形容詞進一步分爲五類：無量級形容詞、開放量級形容詞、起點閉合量級形容詞、終點閉合量級形容詞，及全閉合量級形容詞。本文展示該五類形容詞可從語言學角度互相區分，同時爲漢語形容詞的一些句法和語義特徵提供系統且統一的解釋。本研究同時也是從跨語言及跨詞類的角度，對量級分析法的再一次有效應用

以文找文

This work provides an analysis of the quantitative denotations of simple adjectives (base adjectival forms) in Mandarin Chinese following recent analyses of the 'scale structure' associated with English adjectives. Against a widely accepted assumption that simple adjectives unitarily denote an unbounded property, we assume that the property of boundedness in adjectives is situated in the notion of gradability, and identify a group of simple adjectives that are actually bounded. We further provide a finer-grained classification of Chinese simple adjectives based on the different scale structures associated with individual adjectives: non-scale adjectives, open-scale adjectives, lower-closed-scale adjectives, upper-closed-scale adjectives and totally-closed-scale adjectives. Each type is linguistically distinguishable in natural Chinese data. Our classification provides a unified account of the distinctive syntactic and semantic characteristics of individual adjectives that cannot be explained by previous studies. This study also demonstrates a cross-linguistic and cross-categorical application of the scale-structure-based analysis

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Liu, Chen-Sheng Luther(2010)。The positive morpheme in Chinese and the adjectival structure。Lingua，120(4)，1010-1056。
2.	Kennedy, Christopher(2001)。Polar opposition and the ontology of 'degrees'。Linguistics and Philosophy，24(1)，33-70。
3.	Kennedy, Christopher、McNally, Louise(2005)。Scale structure and the semantic typology of gradable predicates。Language，81(2)，345-381。
4.	Kennedy, Christopher(2007)。Vagueness and grammar: the semantics of relative and absolute gradable adjectives。Linguistics and Philosophy，30(1)，1-45。
5.	Klein, Ewan(1980)。A semantics for positive and comparative adjectives。Linguistics and Philosophy，4(1)，1-45。
6.	Lasersohn, Peter(1999)。Pragmatic halos。Language，75(3)，522-551。
7.	Bolinger, Dwight(1967)。Adjective comparison: a semantic scale。Journal of English Linguistics，1(1)，2-10。
8.	Zhang, Guoxian(2006)。Reanalysis of the qualitative adjective。Chinese Teaching in the World，2006(1)，5-17。
9.	Zhang, Guoxian(2000)。Typical features of Modern Chinese adjectives。Studies of the Chinese Language，2000(5)，447-458。
10.	Shi, Yuzhi(2003)。The effect of the quantity properties of adjectives on their syntactic behaviors。Chinese Teaching in the World，2003(2)，13-26。
11.	Shen, Jiaxuan(1995)。Boundedness and unboundedness。Studies of the Chinese Language，1995(5)，367-380。
12.	Rotstein, Carmen、Winter, Yoad(2004)。Total adjectives vs. partial adjectives: scale structure and higher-order modifiers。Natureal Language Semantics，12(3)，259-288。
13.	Peck, Jeeyoung、Lin, Jingxia、Sun, Chaofen。A scalar analysis of Chinese incremental theme VPs。Journal of Chinese Linguistics: Language Evolution and Changes。
14.	白知永、林靜夏、孫朝奮(20130700)。Aspectual Classification of Mandarin Chinese Verbs: A Perspective of Scale Structure。語言暨語言學，14(4)，663-700。延伸查詢
15.	MacFarlane, John(2009)。Nonindexical contextualism。Synthese，166，231-250。
16.	Paradis, Carita(2001)。Adjectives and boundedness。Cognitive Linguistics，12(1)，47-65。
17.	Lin, Jingxia、Peck, Jeeyoung(2011)。The syntax-semantics interface of multi-morpheme motion constructions in Chinese: an analysis based on hierarchical scalar structure。Studies in Language，35(2)，337-379。
18.	Lehrer, Adrienne(1985)。Markedness and antonymy。Journal of Linguistics，21(2)，397-429。

會議論文
1.	Hay, Jennifer、Kennedy, Christopher、Levin, Beth(1999)。Scalar structure underlies telicity in "degree achievements"。The 9th Semantics and Linguistic Theory Conference。Ithaca：CLC Publications。127-144。
2.	Kennedy, Christopher、McNally, Louise(1999)。From event structure to scale structure: Degree modification in deverbal adjectives。The 9th Semantics and Linguistic Theory Conference。Ithaca：CLC Publications。163-180。

學位論文
1.	Piao, Zhenxiu(2009)。Study of Quantity in Modern Chinese Adjectives(博士論文)。Fudan University，Shanghai。

圖書
1.	Kennedy, Christopher(1999)。Projecting the Adjective: The Syntax and Semantics of Gradability and Comparison。New York：Garland。
2.	Unger, Peter(1975)。Ignorance。Oxford：Clarendon Press。
3.	Zhang, Guoxian(2006)。A Study on the Function and Cognition of Modern Chinese Adjectives。Beijing：The Commercial Press。
4.	Shi, Yuzhi(2001)。Symmetry and Asymmetry of Assertion and Negation。Beijing：Beijing Language and Culture University Press。
5.	Pinkal, Manfred(1995)。Logic and Lexicon。Dordrecht：Kluwer。
6.	MacFarlane, John(2014)。Assessment Sensitivity: Relative Truth and Its Applications。Oxford University Press。
7.	Lü, Shuxiang(1984)。Studies in Chinese Grammar。Beijing：The Commercial Press。
8.	Liu, Yuehua、Pan, Wenyu、Gu, Wei(2001)。Chinese Grammar for Teachers of Chinese as a Second Language and Advanced Learners of Modem Chinese。Beijing：The Commercial Press。
9.	Li, Yuming(2000)。Study on Quantity Chinese。Wuhan：Central China Normal University Press。
10.	Cruse, David Alan(1986)。Lexical Semantics。Cambridge University Press。
11.	Li, Charles Na、Thompson, Sandra Annear(1981)。Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar。University of California Press。

圖書論文
1.	Kennedy, Christopher、Levin, Beth(2008)。Measure of change: The adjectival core of degree achievements。Adjectives and Adverbs: Syntax, Semantics and Discourse。Oxford University Press。
2.	Kennedy, Christopher(2012)。The composition of incremental change。Telicity, Change, and State: A Cross-categorial View of Event Structure。Oxford University Press。
3.	Rappaport Hovav, Malkax、Levin, Beth(2010)。Reflections on manner/result complementarity。Syntax, lexical semantics, and event structure。Oxford：Oxford University Press。
4.	Zhu, Dexi(2001)。Analysis of Modern Chinese adjectives。Collection of Zhu Dexi。Beijing：The Commercial Press。
5.	Rappaport Hovav, Malka(2008)。Lexicalized meaning and the internal structure of events。Theoretical and Crosslinguistic Approaches to the Semantics of Aspect。John Benjamins。
6.	Paul, Waltraud(2006)。Zhu Dexi's two classes of adjectives revisited。Studies in Chinese Language and Culture-Festschrift in Honour of Christoph Harhsmeier on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday。Oslo：Hermes Academic Publishing。
7.	MacFarlane, John(2007)。Semantic minimalism and nonindexical contextualism。Context-sensitivity and Semantic Minimalism: New Essays on Semantics and Pragmatics。Oxford University Press。
8.	Li, Yuming(1997)。On the gradability of adjectives。Research and Exploration in Grammar。Beijing：The Commercial Press。

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