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題名:Confronting Orientalism with Cinematic Art: Cultural Representation in Bruce Lee's The Way of the Dragon
書刊名:Intergrams: Studies in Languages and Literatures
作者:Wu, Min-hua
出版日期:2016
卷期:16:2
頁次:頁(1)1-(1)21
主題關鍵詞:李小龍猛龍過江東方主義霸權文化研究電影藝術Bruce LeeThe Way of the DragonOrientalismHegemonyCultural studiesCinematic art
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援引薩依德東方主義論述,本論文嘗試分析李小龍從影代表作—《猛龍 過江》,探索導演李小龍如何操控傳統功夫片鏡頭,以顛覆西方刻版之文化再現。換言之,本論文研究李氏如何藉由電影藝術之種種可能以擷抗西方主流的文化論述。在李氏獨樹一幟的動作影片中,他一方面在鏡頭前巧妙呈現傳統與獨創的中國功夫招式,同時更訴諸西方影片製作之藝術與巧門,使身兼演員與導演的他得以在大銀幕上大顯身手,徹底改寫西方人對中國人之刻板印象。再者,就武術理論與實踐而言,李氏亦賦予其武學論述葛蘭西文化霸權之色彩。透過霍爾編碼與解碼之文化分析模式,本文亦探討李氏電影再現之觀眾接受狀態。要言之,巧妙結合功夫格鬥與電影藝術,李氏藉由其突出之國際銀幕英雄形象,以及扶弱抑強之電影敘述,可謂為飽受壓抑的中國人、東方人與邊緣族群一舒心聲,重新申張受迫者之主體性
Taking Edward Said’s discourse on Orientalism as a point of departure, this paper attempts to explore how Bruce Lee confronts Orientalism with cinematic art. It analyzes one of Lee’s representative films, The Way of the Dragon, examining how the director manipulates traditional kung fu cameras to subvert stereotypical cultural representations. In this unique action film, he makes the best of Chinese kung fu while appealing to the art of Western filmmaking, where-as an actor and director- he strives to screen against and beyond occidental stereotypes. As a result, he transforms a Western mythology into an Asian heroic myth and tinges the theory and practice of his kung fu formation with a Gramscian hegemonic vein in a sophisticated manner. This study also discusses audience receptions of Lee’s cinematic representations based on Stuart Hall’s encoding-decoding model for cultural analysis. From Lee’s brand new perspective, the audience witnesses that an Oriental nobody dares to go so far as to stand up against Orientalism and manage to defy Western sweeping generalizations of the Orient. The film thus rewrites the stereotypical discourse that portrays the socalled Chinaman as affected and not effective. Presenting a firm Chinese subjectivity by means of kung fu fightings on the stage and in the limelight, Lee succeeds in asserting himself as an important international cinematic figure who in one sense or another utters the unutterable suppressed inner voices for the Chinese people, the Oriental, and all those who belong to the marginal
期刊論文
1.加藤正英、鄧呈曦(20050600)。燃燒中的亞洲:李小龍脫殖民的動力敘述。中外文學,34(1)=397,45-66。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.焦雄屏(19810900)。現代英雄與反英雄--李小龍後的功夫片。聯合月刊,2,68-71。  延伸查詢new window
3.關國煊(19880900)。李小龍(1940-1973)。傳記文學,53(3)=316,138-139。  延伸查詢new window
4.Neale, Steve(1983)。Masculinity as Spectacle。Screen: The Journal of the Society for Education in Film and Television,24(6),2-16。  new window
圖書
1.Gramsci, Antonio、Rosengarten, Frank、Rosenthal, Ray(1994)。Letters from Prison。New York:Columbia University Press。  new window
2.Lee, Linda(1989)。The Bruce Lee Story。Santa Clarita:Ohara Publications。  new window
3.Clifford, James(1988)。The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art。Cambridge, Massachusetts:Harvard University Press。  new window
4.Harris, David(1992)。From Class Struggle to the Politics of Pleasure: the Effects of Gramscianism On Cultural Studies。Routledge。  new window
5.Byron, G. Gordon、Abrams, M. H.(1986)。Manfred in The Norton Anthology of English Literature。New York:Norton。  new window
6.Clark, David(2002)。Hong Kong Art: Culture and Decolonization。Durham:Duke UP。  new window
7.Constantino, Renato(1989)。The Second Invasion: Japan in the Philippines。Quezon City:Karrel Inc.。  new window
8.Gramsci, Antonio、Verdicchio, Pasquale(1995)。The Southern Question。West Lafayette, IN:Bordighera。  new window
9.何文敬、單德興(1995)。再現政治與華裔美國文學。台北:中央研究院歐美研究所。  延伸查詢new window
10.Lee, Bruce(1963)。Chinese Gung Fu: The Philosophical Art of Self-Defense。Santa Clarita:Ohara Publications。  new window
11.Lee, Bruce(1975)。Tao of Jeet Kune Do。Ohara Publications。  new window
12.Lee, Bruce、Little, John(1997)。Jeet Kune Do: Bruce Lee's Commentaries on the Martial Way。Tuttle Publishing。  new window
13.文雋(1992)。李小龍研究。香港:利源書報社。  延伸查詢new window
14.Eagleton, Terry(1991)。Ideology: An Introduction。Verso。  new window
15.Said, Edward William(1978)。Orientalism。Routledge and Kegan Paul。  new window
其他
1.Hi-Yu International Co. Ltd.(2011)。Bruce Lee: 31st Anniversary Edition,台北:含鈺國際實業有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
2.Lee, Bruce(1972)。猛龍過江,香港:嘉禾。  延伸查詢new window
3.離蔚(19741000)。認識一個人--<李小龍傳奇>(布洛克著)讀後。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Hall, Stuart(1980)。Encoding/decoding。Culture, media, language: Working papers in cultural studies, 1972-1979。London:Hutchinson。  new window
2.Cowie, Elizabeth(1991)。Underworld USA: Psychoanalysis and Film Theory in the 1980s。Psychoanalysis and Cultural Theory: Thresholds。London:Macmillan。  new window
3.Chin, Frank、Chan, Jeffery Paul(1972)。Racist Love。Seeing through Shuck。New York:Ballantine Books。  new window
4.Hall, Stuart(1996)。Gramsci's Relevance for the Study of Race and Ethnicity。Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies。New York:Routledge。  new window
5.Johnson, Gilbert L.(1975)。[Tao of Jeet Kune Do]Introduction。Tao of Jeet Kune Do。Santa Clarita:Ohara Publications。  new window
6.Mulvey, Laura(1986)。Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema。Narrative, Apparatus, Ideology: A Film Theory Reader。New York:Columbia UP。  new window
7.Porter, Dennis(1983)。Orientalism and its ProbleMiss。The Politics of Theory. Essex: UP of Essex。  new window
8.Ropars-Wuilleumier, Marie-Claire(1994)。The Cinema, Reader of Gilles Deleuze。Gilles Deleuze and the Theater of Philosophy。London:Routledge。  new window
 
 
 
 
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