契作效益之評估--以臺灣稻米市場為例__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	契作效益之評估--以臺灣稻米市場為例
書刊名：	農業與經濟
作者：	秦銘璟／黃亮洲
作者(外文)：	Chin, Ming-chin／Huang, Liang-chou
出版日期：	2015
卷期：	55
頁次：	頁117-146
主題關鍵詞：	農業契約；價格波動；稻米政策；Price volatility；Forward contracting；Paddy rice policy
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:1 共同引用:8 點閱:6

台灣農業屬小農型態，經營規模小且生產成本高，勞動力老化，政府補助有限，農民愈趨弱勢。眾多文獻證實，農民與農企業簽訂農業契約，是改善農民生活、扶植農作產業的可行制度。雖然政府長期推動各項農業契作制度但成效不一。本文藉由理論模型及實證模擬分析探究政府稻米契作成效不彰的原因。模擬結果顯示：現貨價格的波動，隨著契約交易提高而增加。這是因為契約交易增加使得現貨市場萎縮、淺碟化，遇到預期外的衝擊時價格即明顯波動。本文建議政府農業契約政策應回歸契約本質，尊重市場機制，以收入穩定為誘因，提高農民參與契作的意願。

以文找文

This research contributes to the understanding of the role of forward contracting, market structural features, and product characteristics as determinants spot price levels and volatility. In the theoretical model setting, we analyze the optimizing behavior of agents who produce and purchase commodities by using contract, and derived the individual supply and demand functions under price uncertainty and risk aversion. Stochastic simulation is further used to generate price series from which inferences are drawn concerning price levels and volatility associated with each scenario. Past studies have been empirical and found mixed evidence that the spot price is either inversely or not related to the incidence of contract use. Given the mixed empirical evidence, we re-examine the implications of contracting on cash (or spot) market price level and price volatility in this research based on Taiwan paddy rice market. Our results is that contracting can lead to reduced farmer prices received in spot market, not only due to the residual nature of spot markets that operate in conjunction with forward contracting, but also due to the adjusted spot demand by retailers. We find that as contracting increases, spot price levels decrease and spot price volatility increases.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Levy, H.、Markowitz, H. M.(1979)。Approximating Expected Utility by a Function of Mean and Variance。American Economic Review，69，308-317。
2.	林煥章(20090600)。結球萵苣產銷概況與輔導措施執行情行。農政與農情，204=441，51-54。延伸查詢
3.	施順意、張靜貞、傅祖壇、李元和(20041000)。WTO架構下的臺灣稻作誘因與競爭力分析。臺灣經濟預測與政策，35(1)，41-64。延伸查詢
4.	劉紹國(2010)。穩定洋蔥產銷納入契作輪作獎勵。農政與農情，211，86-91。延伸查詢
5.	Colchao, S.(1999)。Will AG Banks Prosper in Age of Vertical Integration。ABA Banking Journal，91(11)，26-30。
6.	Grosh, B.(1994)。Contract Farming in Africa: An Application of the New Institutional Economics。Journal of African Economies，3(2)，231-261。
7.	Hazell, P. B.(1982)。Application of Risk Preference Estimates in Firm-Household and Agricultural Sector Models。American Journal of Agricultural Economics，64(2)，384-390。
8.	Kawai, M.(1983)。Price Volatility of Storable Commodities under Rational Expectations in Spot and Futures Market。International Economic Review，24(2)，435-459。
9.	McCafferty, S.、Driskill, R.(1980)。Problems of Existence and Uniqueness under Rational Expectations。Econometrica，48，1313-1317。
10.	Simmons, P.、Winters, P.、Patrick, I.(2005)。An Analysis of Contract Farming in East Java, Bali, and Lombok, Indonesia。Agricultural Economics，33(S3)，513-525。
11.	Singh, S.(2002)。Contracting Out Solutions: Political Economy of Contract Farming in the Indian Punjab。World Development，30(9)，1621-1638。
12.	Unnevehr, L. J.(2000)。Food Safety Issues and Fresh Food Product Exports from LDCs。Agricultural Economics，23(3)，231-240。
13.	Ward, C.、Koontz, S.、Schroeder, T.(1998)。Impacts from Captive Supplies on Fed Cattle Transaction Prices。Journal of Agricultural and Resources Economics，23，494-514。
14.	Schroeder, T. C.、Jones, R.、Mintert, J.、Barkley, A. P.(1993)。The Impact of Forward Contracting on Fed Cattle Transaction Prices。Review of Agricultural Economics，15(2)，325-337。

研究報告
1.	Hudson, D.(2000)。Contracting in Agriculture: A Primer for Leaders。

圖書
1.	Eaton, C.、Shepherd, A. W.(2001)。Contract Farming: Partnerships for Growth。Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Press。
2.	MacDonald, J.、Perry, J.、Ahearn, M.、Banker, D.、Chambers, W.、Dimitri, C.、Key, N.、Nelson, K.、Southard, L.(2004)。Contracts, Markets, and Prices。
3.	Martin, L. L.(1999)。Navigating Production Contract Arrangements。
4.	Martinez, S. W.(2002)。A Comparison of Vertical Coordination in the U.S. Poultry, Egg, and Pork Industries。
5.	Morrissy, J. D.(1974)。Agricultural Modernization through Production Contracting: The Role of the Fruit and Vegetable Processor in Mexico and Central America。New York：Praeger Press。
6.	Minot, N.(1986)。Contract Farming and Its Effect on Small Farmers in Less Developed Countries。

其他
1.	Pasour, E. C.(1998)。The Potential Impact of Increased Vertical Integration on North Carolina Grain Farmers，http://www.ncsoy.org/peaour2.htm.。

圖書論文
1.	Clapp, R. A.(1994)。The Moral Economy of the Contract。Living under Contract: Contract Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa。Wisconsin, WI：University of Wisconsin Press。
2.	Ward, C. E.、Koontz, S. R.、Schroeder, T. C.、Barkley, A. P.(1996)。Role of Captive Supplies in Beef Packing。Concentration in the Red Meat Packing Industry。Washington, DC：Packers and Stockyards Programs, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Press。

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