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題名：雙邊／多邊市場之競爭與創新--論競爭法的因應
書刊名：科技法學評論
作者：顏雅倫 引用關係
作者(外文)：Yen, Ya-lun
出版日期：2016
卷期：13:1
頁次：頁219-266
主題關鍵詞：雙邊市場；多邊市場；競爭政策；公平交易法；創新；Two-sided market；Multi-sided market；Competition policy；Fair trade act；Innovation
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:4
  • 點閱點閱:147
隨著科技、網路的進步，以及資訊的高速生產與散布，各類降低交易成本的平台及新應用不斷推陳出新，其多具有雙邊／多邊市場的特性，各國競爭法主管機關遂日趨重視既有的分析工具能否與如何因應雙邊／多邊市場所帶來的競爭法議題。我國公平交易委員會亦開始在結合案與處分案中嘗試使用雙邊／多邊市場理論。本文先分析雙邊／多邊市場的市場特性與雙邊／多邊平台的相應競爭策略，次則探討雙邊／多邊市場對競爭主管機關帶來的挑戰與相關競爭政策爭議。最後經評析公平交易委員會歷年來涉及雙邊／多邊市場的相關決定與處分案例後，本文建議未來公平交易委員會在執法上，宜繼續關注特定雙邊／多邊平台因所處雙邊／多邊市場特性，而採取的排他性行為對市場創新的可能不利影響，以及大型企業集團多角化結合設立之雙邊／多邊平台的市場力量，與以整體營業額分析本身即跨領域經營諸多不同事業之雙邊／多邊平台業者的市場占有率，可能衍生之盲點等特殊問題，同時應審慎評估套用 10%市場占有率門檻評估雙邊／多邊平台，所為之獨家交易、搭售或其他交易限制，是否會過度干預雙邊／多邊市場的創新行為與市場競爭機制。
Burgeoning two-sided/multi-sided platforms have brought about new antitrust issues concerning whether the traditional analytical tools for antitrust review shall be directly applied to two-sided/multi-sided markets. This article explores the characteristics of two-sided/multi-sided markets, the competitive strategies of two-sided/multi-sided platforms, and the challenge to and issues of antitrust enforcement and competition policy arising from two-sided/multi-sided markets. Then in light of decisions of Taiwan Fair Trade Commission (“Taiwan FTC”) concerning two-sided/multi-sided markets, the author suggests Taiwan FTC pay more attention to foreclosure activities adopted by two-sided/multi-sided platforms and their possible adverse effect to innovation. In addition, Taiwan FTC should also be wary of the market power possibly enjoyed by the two-sided/multi-sided platforms jointly established by several large-sized and leading enterprises by means of conglomerate mergers and its ripple effect. Moreover, the market share of one two-sided/multi-sided platforms owned by a conglomerate operating diverse business should not be calculated based upon the total revenue of that conglomerate. Finally, to avoid over intervention in innovation and competition of two-sided/multi-sided markets, Taiwan FTC should rethink if it is appropriate to use 10% market share as a threshold to evaluate exclusive contracts, tying, or other restrictive activities conducted by two-sided/multi-sided platforms.
期刊論文
1.楊宏暉(20040200)。新經濟時代的反托拉斯法挑戰--網路效應與微軟案之初探。政大法學評論，77，207-284。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Armstrong, Mark(2006)。Competition in Two-Sided Markets。RAND J. Econ，37，668。  new window
3.Baker, Jonathan B.(2007)。Beyond Schumpeter vs. Arrow: How Antitrust Fosters Innovation。Antitrust L. J.，74，575。  new window
4.Carlton, Dennis W.、Frankel, Alan S.(2005)。Transaction Costs, Externalities, and "Two-Sided" Payment Markets。Colum. Bus. L. Rev.，2005，617。  new window
5.Constantine, Lloyd(2005)。A Study of Market Failure in a Two-Sided Market。Colum. Bus. L. Rev.，2005，599。  new window
6.Evans, David S.(2003)。The Antitrust Economics of Multi-Sided Platform Markets。Yale J. on Reg.，20，325。  new window
7.Jayaratne, Jith、Ordover, Janusz A.(2012)。Economics and Competition Policy: A Two-Sided Market?。ANTITRUST，27，78。  new window
8.Katz, Michael L.、Shapiro, Carl(1994)。Systems Competition and Network Effects。J. Econ. Persp.，8，93。  new window
9.Kearney, Daniel(2005)。Network Effects and the Emerging Doctrine of Cybertrespass。Yale L. & Pol'y Rev.，23，313。  new window
10.Luchetta, Giacomo(2014)。Is the Google Platform a Two-sided Market。J. Comp. L. & Econ.，10，185。  new window
11.Manne, Geoffrey A.、Wright, Joshua D.(2011)。Google and the Limits of Antitrust: The Case Against the Case Against Google。HARV. J. L. & PUB. Pol'y，34，171。  new window
12.Nazzini, Renato、Nikpay, Ali(2014)。Object Restrictions and Two-sided Markets in EU Competition Law After Cartes Bancaires。Competition Pol'y Int'l，10，157。  new window
13.Pradelles, Frederic、Scordamaglia-Tousis, Andreas(2014)。The Two Sides of the Cartes Bancaires Ruling: Assessment of the Two-sided Nature of Card Payment Systems Under Article 101(1) TFEU and Full Judicial Scrutiny of Underlying Economic Analysis。COMPETITION Pol'y Int'l，10，139。  new window
14.Rochet, Jean-Charles、Triole, Jean(2003)。Platform Competition in Two-Sided Market。J. Eur. Econ. Ass'n.，1(4)，900。  new window
15.Rysman, Marc(2009)。The Economics of Two-Sided Markets。J. Econ. Persp.，23，125。  new window
16.Schmalensee, Richard(2014)。An Instant Classic: Rochet & Tirole, Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets。Competition Policy International，10(2)，174-179。  new window
17.Schmalensee, Richard、Evans, David S.(2007)。Industrial Organization of Markets with Two-Sided Platforms。Competition Pol'y Int'l，3，151。  new window
18.Shelanski, Howard A.(2013)。Information, Innovation, and Competition Policy for the Internet。U. Pa. L. Rev.，161，1663。  new window
19.Sykes, Alan O.(2014)。Antitrust Issues in Two-Sided Network Markets: Lessons from in Re Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation。COMPETITION POL'Y INT'L，10，118。  new window
20.Tracer, Daniel M.(2011)。Overcharge But Don't Overestimate: Calculating Damages for Antitrust Injuries in Two-sided Markets。CARDOZO L. Rev.，33，807。  new window
21.Waller, Spencer Weber(2012)。Social Networks and the Law: Antitrust and Social Networking。N. C. L. Rev.，90，1771。  new window
22.Weisman, Dennis L.、Kulick, Robert B.(2010)。Price Discrimination, Two-Sided Markets, and Net Neutrality Regulation。Tul. J. Tech. & Intell. Prop.，13，81。  new window
23.Weyl, E. Glen(2010)。A Price Theory of Multi-Sided Platforms。American Economic Review，100(4)，1642-1672。  new window
24.Rochet, Jean-Charles、Tirole, Jean(2006)。Two-sided markets: a progress report。The RAND Journal of Economics，37(3)，645-667。  new window
會議論文
1.Weyl, E. Glen(2008)。Monopolies in Two-sided Markets: Comparative Statics and Identification。UC Berkeley Econ 221 Industrial Organization Seminar。  new window
研究報告
1.范建得、陳丁章(2004)。第十九條。  延伸查詢new window
2.Eisenmann, Thomas、Parker, Geoffrey、Van Alstyne, Marshall(2007)。Platform Envelopment。  new window
3.Evans, David S.、Schmalensee, Richard(2013)。The Antitrust Analysis of Multi-Sided Platform Businesses。  new window
4.Jullien, Bruno(2008)。Price Skewness and Competition in Multi-Sided Markets。  new window
學位論文
1.陳昭文(2014)。論搜尋引擎雙邊市場之競爭法適用問題--以Google搜尋偏愛為例(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.張漢伯(2001)。網路拍賣與競標出價行為之研究(碩士論文)。東吳大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Areeda, Phillip E.、Hovenkamp, Herbert(2004)。Antitrust Law: An Analysis of Antitrust Principles and Their Application。  new window
2.Hovenkamp, Herbert(2011)。Federal Antitrust Policy: The Law of Competition and Its Practice。  new window
3.Shapiro, Carl、Varian, Hai R.(1999)。Information Rules: A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy。  new window
4.Schumpeter, Joseph(1942)。Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy。  new window
5.Patterson, Mark R.(2013)。Google and Search-Engine Market Powe。  new window
其他
1.(20150524)。《聯合報》成立新媒體部，控掘全新可能性，http://www.bnext.com.tw/article/view/id/36285。  延伸查詢new window
2.(20061102)。雅虎奇摩網拍案台公平會：不符獨占事業不罰，http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/6/11/2/n1507205.htm。  延伸查詢new window
3.王立達(20070424)。公平會「Yahoo!奇摩無名案」決定後的思考，http://richardlidarwang.blogspot.tw/2007/04/yahoo_24.html。  延伸查詢new window
4.王立達(20061104)。Yahoo奇摩拍賣不構成獨占！？《11/4補充》，http://richardlidarwang.blogspot.tw/2006/11/yahoo.html。  延伸查詢new window
5.(20070806)。Yahoo！奇摩和無名下月開始進行帳號整合，http://www.ithome.com.tw/node/44716。  延伸查詢new window
6.詹宏志(20071003)。露天拍賣明年拼市佔第一：首年就衝出500萬拍賣物件超越奇摩，http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/finance/20071003/3868270/。  延伸查詢new window
7.(20141211)。網拍交易手續費奇摩降至1.49％、露天驅到2％，http://www.ettoday.net/news/20141211/437767.htm。  延伸查詢new window
8.(20061016)。露天吸取拍賣移民Yahoo！奇摩：恐引發身分盜用，http://www.ithome.com.tw/node/39992。  延伸查詢new window
9.(20091008)。露天拍賣，公告：11/1起，免刊登費，收成交費，http://www.ruten.com.tw/system/notice_view.php?id=374。  延伸查詢new window
10.Armstrong, Mark，Wright, Julian。Two-Sided Markets, Competitive Bottlenecks and Exclusive Contracts，http://ssrn.com/abstract=654187 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssm.654187。  new window
11.Fed. Trade Comm'n(2013)。Google Agrees to Change Its Business Practices to Resolve FTC Competition Concerns in the Markets for Devices Like Smart Phones, Games and Tablets, and in Online Search，https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2013/01/google-agrees-change-its-business-practices-resolve-ftc。  new window
12.Org. for Econ. Co-operation and Dev.(2009)。Two-Sided Market，http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/44445730.pdf。  new window
13.U. S. Dep't of Justice & FTC(2010)。Horizontal Merger Guidelines，http://www.ftc.gov/os/2010/08/100819hmg.pdf。  new window
圖書論文
1.黃銘傑(2006)。公平交易委員會搭售規範之弔詭。競爭法與智慧財產法之交會--相生與相剋之間。臺北：元照。  延伸查詢new window
2.Arrow, Kenneth J.(1962)。Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention。The Rate and Direction of Economic Activities: Economic and Social Factors。  new window
3.Evans, David S.(2011)。Defining Markets That Involve Two Sided Platforms。Platform Economics: Essays on Multi-Sided Business。  new window
4.Evans, David S.(2011)。Antitrust Issues Raised by Global Internet Economy。Platform Economics: Essays on Multi-Sided Business。  new window
 
 
 
 
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