建築主管機關於102年開始實行建築技術規則99-1條，但基於法不溯及既往原則，102年以前設立之既有老人長期照護、養護及護理之家則不受建築技術規則99-1條之限制。為提升既有機構的火災安全，本研究以研擬防火安全改善參考手冊為主要目的，以供102年以前設立之既有機構進行自我檢核及自主提升時之參考依據。因此本研究以「提升已為合法設計之既有機構的火災安全」為目的，以較危險的102年以前所設立、不受建築技術規則99-1條限制之既有一般老人長期照護、養護及護理之家機構為主要研究對象，以「火災居室離室避難；非火災居室初期就地避難」的避難概念為主軸，提出相應的設計參考原則，以供相關機構進行自我檢核及自主提升之參考依據。期能透過該手冊之應用提升國內相關機構的火災安全，建立安全安心的照護、養護及護理環境。

Although Article 99-1 of the Building Technical Regulations had gone into effect in 2013, existing long-term care institutions, senior citizens homes and nursing homes for the elderly had not been required to comply with the restrictions prescribed in the article. To improve the fire safety for existing institutions, this study looks to draw up a reference handbook for existing institutions established before 2013 to serve as the basis for self-inspections and self-directed upgrades. Hence, this study focused primarily on long-term care institutions, senior citizens homes and nursing homes for the elderly established before 2013 that are at more risk and need not comply with Article 99-1 of the Building Technical Regulations, centering on the ＂Leave the room and escape when in the room of fire origin; shelter-in-place when not in the room of fire origin＂, to put forward corresponding design principles for reference. Moreover, in order to gain an understanding of the practical feasibility of the handbook, this study applied its contents to cases surveyed to carry out examination and improvement. It is hoped that the fire safety of existing institutions can be improved through the use of the handbook to establish a safe, reassuring care giving and nursing environment.