本文透過資料探勘回顧研究整理，收集南部某區域教學醫院2016年至2017年間在手術後使用患者自控式止痛(patient-controlled analgesia, PCA)的病人完整個案共860筆。在手術後使用PCA三天期間，運用簡易量表對病人進行手術後訪視，並觀察記錄病患生命徵象（vital signs），嗎啡使用劑量（Dose of Morphine），鴉片類藥物副作用（opioid-related side effect）和對疼痛分數（pain score）進行評估，透過資料探勘技術對所產生的副作用情形進行整理。希望此研究可做為其他相關研究的比較基準，提供做為參考。本研究利用SPSS Modeler Subscription對整理出的11項分類原則進行關聯分析。獲得以下結果:1.骨科手術的副作用狀況：接受骨科及不在分類中的其他手術的病人之中，72.63 %沒有發生副作用，3.87%出現未排氣，16.70 %出現暈吐噁心，6.29 %出現低血壓、嗜睡、頭痛，0.48 %出現其他副作用。2.一般外科手術的副作用狀況：接受婦產科及一般外科手術的病患之中，67.33 %沒有發生副作用，11.93%出現未排氣，13.63 %出現暈吐噁心，6.25 %出現低血壓、嗜睡、頭痛，0.85 %出現其他副作用。3.胸腔外科手術的副作用狀況：接受胸腔外科手術的病患之中，51.57 %沒有發生副作用，28.42 %出現未排氣，14.73 %出現暈吐噁心，4.21 %出現低血壓、嗜睡、頭痛，1.05 %出現其他副作用。

This study is to analyze the relation between patient controlled analgesia (PCA) and post-operative side effect and the effect of anti-vomiting drugs in those patients who received PCA after operation. The study collected 860 patients receiving post-operative PCA since 2016 to 2017 in a regional medical hospital in south Taiwan. We visited and observed patient's vital sign, PCA dose, opioid-related side effect, and pain score with simple scale three days after surgery. The study selected 11 items from the collected data and used SPSS Modeler to perform decision tree analysis. The results below were observed: The surgical methods and side effects: 1. side effects in orthopedic surgery: In orthopedic and unclassified surgery, 72.63 % had no side effect, 3.87 % had no-gas pass, 16.70 % had dizziness, nausea, or vomiting, 6.29 % had hypotension, somnolence, headache, 0.48 % had other side effect. 2. side effects in general surgery: In gynecologic surgery and general surgery group, 67.33 % had no side effect, 11.93 % had no-gas pass, 13.63 % had dizziness, nausea, or vomiting, 6.25 % had hypotension, somnolence, headache, 0.85 % had other side effect. 3. side effects in gynecologic surgery: In chest surgery group, 51.57 % had no side effect, 28.42 % had no-gas pass, 14.73 % had dizziness, nausea, or vomiting, 4.21 % had hypotension, somnolence, headache, 1.05 % had other side effect.