Objectives: Material resource management (MRM) in health care institutions is an important concern, especially in terms of its influence on care quality, costs, nursing workloads, and patient safety. Considering the high costs of modern medicine, effective MRM strategies can improve efficacy and patient safety. Methods: We identified relevant factors regarding nursing staff inventory management and analyzed employee satisfaction with MRM. We collected accurate data regarding the amount of inventory, datum quantity, and safety stocks. Moreover, we applied a 6S management strategy to design an education program for teaching staff the concepts of MRM. Results: After project completion, the MRM accuracy increased from 62% to 93%. Furthermore, employee satisfaction with MRM increased from 18% to 88%. Conclusions: MRM improved performance, reduced nursing workload and health care costs, and created a superior health care environment.