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題名：女性主義論公共政策分析
書刊名：中國行政評論
作者：石之瑜 引用關係
出版日期：1993
卷期：2:3
頁次：頁67-90
主題關鍵詞：公共政策；女性主義；多元主義；個人主義；形式主義；理性主義；Policy analysis；Formalism；Pluralism；Rationalism；Individualism；Feminism
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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　　　　　形式主義多元主義和理性主義構成當代公共政策分析中的三大迷思。這主迷思 隱含了社會兩種價值的分立，即男性價值與女性價值。事實上，男性價值只是對男 人氣質的一種理想陳述，從來沒有真正說明過男人；同樣地，女性價值只反映了對 女人角色的理想期待，完全不能在規範上或實證上說明其正當正，然而由於自古以 來男人與公共事務的結合，使今日公共政策分析中反映出來的，恰是對男性氣質的 推崇與對女性氣質的貶抑，重覆了刻板印象中，將男人與女人，或將男性氣質與女 性氣質對立起來的迷信。女性主義的角度在此頗值得注意，她對政府服務對象的關 切，重視微觀的、具體的成長經驗與包容性的政策立場，對前線工作人員所處情境 的認同等等，均是主流公共政策分析之中所看不到的，也正是女性主義最大的貢獻 所在。
　　　　　An individualistic bias has continued in the contemporary mode of public policy analysis in the disguise of pluralism, rationalism and formalism. Individualism pretends that the form of individuality is more important than its contents. This bias is preceded with the distinction of two seprate value systems, masculine and feminine, and the unstated assumption that only the former should be recognized in the public. In reality, however, masculine values describe only the ideal, not a real man, and feminine values, similarly, reflect only the ideal man's expectation of the ideal woman. The classic association of man with the public and woman with the private reinforces the stress of masculine values in public affairs, repeating the inculpable distinction of men and women and of masculine and feminine characteristics. Feminism can contribute to policy analysis by attending particularly to clinents of government services, their micro experiences and their affective needs, reconciling willingly those seemingly incompatible policy positons, and empathizing with the unique needs of each street-level public workers.
期刊論文
1.Brudney, Jeffrey L.、England, Robert E.(1983)。Toward a Definition of the Coproduction Concept。Public Administration Review，59-65。  new window
2.Katzenstein, Peter J.(1976)。International Relations and Domestic Structures: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States。International Organization，30(1)，1-45。  new window
3.Leidner, Robin(1991)。Stretching the Boundaries of Liberalism: Democratic Innovation in a Feminist Organization。Signs，16(2)，263-289。  new window
4.Barzel, Y.(1969)。Two Propositions on the Optimum Level of Producing Collective Goods。Public Choice，6，31-37。  new window
5.Art, Robert J.(1985)。Congress and the Defense Budget: Enhancing Policy Oversight。Political Science Quarterly，100(2)，227-248。  new window
6.Sylvester, Christine(1993)。Editor's Introduction: Feminists Write International。Alternatives，18(1)。  new window
7.Ethrenreich, Barbara(1981)。The Woman's Movements: Feminist and Antifeminist。Radical America，15。  new window
8.Halperin, Morton H.(1971)。Why Bureaucrats Play Games。Foreign Policy，1(2)，79-90。  new window
9.Hardman, Heidi I.(1976)。Capitalism, Patriarchy and Job Segregation by Sex。Signs: Journal of Woman in Culture and Society，1(3, pt. 2)，137-169。  new window
10.Shih, Chih-yu(1990)。Defense as Risk Sharing: An American Perspective。Journal of Economic and International Relations，3(3)，201-216。  new window
11.Haraway, Donna(1985)。A Manifesto for Cyborgs: Science, Technology, and Socialist Feminism in the 1980s。Socialist Review，15(2)，65-107。  new window
12.Elmore, Richard F.(1979)。Backward Mapping: Implementation Research and Policy Decisions。Political Science Quarterly，94(4)，601-616。  new window
會議論文
1.Orlie, Melissa A.(1993)。The Contemporary Imagination of Power: Reading the Headless Body Politic。The American Political Science Association Annual Meeting，(會議日期: September 2-5)。Washington, D.C.。  new window
圖書
1.Stokey, Edith、Zechauser, Richard(1978)。A Primer for Policy Analysis。New York：W. W. Norton & Company。  new window
2.Neustadt, Richard E.(1980)。Presidential Power。N. Y.：John Wiley and Sons。  new window
3.Michels, Robert,(1962)。Political Parties。New York, NY：Free Press。  new window
4.Elshtain, Jean Bethke(1993)。Public Man, Private Woman: Women in Social and Political Thought。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
5.Ferguson, Kathy E.(1984)。The Feminist Case Against Bureaucracy。Philadelphia, PA：Temple University Press。  new window
6.Okin, Susan Moller(1979)。Women in Western Political Thought。Princeton, New Jersey：Princeton University Press。  new window
7.Allison, Graham T.(1971)。Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis。Boston, Mass.：Little, Brown and Co.。  new window
8.Steinbruner, John D.(1974)。The Cybernetic Theory of Decision。Princeton University Press。  new window
9.Gilligan, Carol(1982)。In a different voice。Harvard University Press。  new window
10.Olson, Mancur Jr.(1965)。The Logic of Collective Action。Cambridge, Massachusetts：Harvard University Press。  new window
11.Zeckhauser, Richard(1975)。Benefit-Cost and Policy Analysis 1974。Chicago。  new window
12.Krasner, Stephen(1978)。Defending the National Interest: Raw Materials Investment and U.S. Foreign Policy。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
13.Eisenstein, Zillah(1979)。Capitalist Patriarchy and the Case for Socialist Feminism。New York：Monthly Review Press。  new window
14.Iannello, Kathleen P.(1992)。Decisions without Hierarchy: Feminist Interventions in Organization Theory and Practice。New York：Routledge。  new window
15.Johnsen, Robert C.(1980)。The National Interest and the Human Interest: An Analysis of U.S. Foreign Policy。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
16.Lipsky, Michael(1980)。Street Level Bureaucracy。New York：Russell Sage。  new window
17.Lloyd, Genevieve(1984)。The Man of Reason: 'Male' and 'Female' in Western Philosophy。London：Methuen。  new window
18.Rosenau, Pauline Marie(1991)。Post-modernism and Social Science: Insights Inroads and intrusions。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
19.Lindblom, Charles Edward(1977)。Politics and Markets: The World's Political-Economic Systems。New York, NY：Basic Books。  new window
20.Etheredge, Lloyd(1985)。Can Government Learn: American Foreign Policy and Central American Revolutions。Pergamon。  new window
21.McGregor, Douglas(1960)。The Human Side of Enterprise。McGraw-Hill。  new window
圖書論文
1.Babbitt, Susan E.(1993)。Feminism and Objective Interest: The role of Transformation Experiences Rational Deliberation。Feminist Epistemologies。New York：Routledge。  new window
2.Zeckhauxer, Richard(1970)。Uncertainty and the Need for Collective Action。Public Expenditure and Policy Analysis。Chicago：Markham。  new window
3.Dalmiya, Vrinda、Alcoff, Linda(1993)。Are Old Wives' Tales' Justified?。Feminist Epistemologies。Routledge。  new window
4.Harding, John(1990)。Should Women Think in Terms of Rights?。Feminism and Political Theory。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
5.Kessler-Harris, Alice(1990)。The Justice Price, the Free Market, and the Value of Women。Women, Class and the Feminist Imagination: A Socialist-Feminist Reader。Philadelphia：Temple University Press。  new window
6.Li, Hwei-li(1992)。A Cross-cultural Critique of Ecofeminism。Ecofeminism: Women, Animals, Nature。Philadelphia：Temple University Press。  new window
7.Lipsky, Michael(1978)。Standing the Study of Public Policy Management on Its Head。American Politics and Public Policy。Cambridge：MIT Press。  new window
8.Rendall, Jane(1987)。Virtue and Commerce: Women in the Making of Adam Smith's Political Economy。Women in Western Political Philosophy。Brighton：Wheatsheaf Books。  new window
9.Schilling, Warner R.(1962)。The Politics of National Defense: Fiscal 50。Strategy, Politics and Defense Budgets。New York：Columbia University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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