本文展示后結構主義視角下的生態環境研究新趨向和新特點,重點剖析美國人類學家阿圖羅·埃斯科巴的政治生態學理論。其理論突出人類與環境情境中的話語、物質、社會、文化等多維度之間的交互關系,提倡以建構主義政治生態學替代本質主義分析方法,關注話語、權力諸要素,分析可持續發展和生物多樣性等話語概念如何在現代性背景中應運而生,呈現全世界轟轟烈烈的環保運動交織出來的復雜權力關系。埃斯科巴為學術界提供了一種更為精巧和深刻的分析框架,有助于我們更好地理解當今環境問題與保育項目,以及重新思考未來綠色之路。

This paper displays new trends and traits on ecological research in the perspective of post-structuralism,placing emphasis on the political ecology theory of American anthropologist Arturo Escobar. His political ecology highlights the interactive relationship of discourses, material, society and culture in the context of nature-human relation,advocates constructivist political ecology to replace essentialist method of analysis,pays attention to discourses and power,analyzes how sustainable development and biodiversity discourses appear with modernity,presents the complicated power relationship in the large-scale environmental protection movement in the world. Escobar provides a more delicate and profound analytical framework for academia,it is useful for us to understand the current environmental issues and protection projects,and rethink the green road in the future.