利用表面肌電貢獻率比較了體質測試中3種不同姿勢仰臥起坐(雙臂胸前交叉、雙手放大腿上、雙臂體側)在不同年齡和性別因素上的通用性,為科學、準確篩選出最優姿勢的仰臥起坐提供理論依據。以6~14歲學生270人為測試對象,測試每個學生全身14塊肌肉在完成上述力量素質測試時的肌電值,并標準化為表面肌電貢獻率;對3種不同姿勢的仰臥起坐所有肌肉的肌電貢獻率,分別進行年齡和性別的雙因素方差分析和指標間差異的比較。結果可見,雙臂胸前交叉仰臥起坐年齡、性別及其交互作用顯著的肌肉分別為1、7、2塊,年齡效應差異顯著的年齡組成對數量為男女生共計45對,性別效應差異顯著的肌肉數量為9塊,年齡組為5個;雙手放大腿上仰臥起坐年齡、性別及其交互作用顯著的肌肉分別為5、6、5塊,年齡效應差異顯著的年齡組成對數量為男女生共計101對,性別效應差異顯著的肌肉數量為11塊,年齡組為13個;雙臂體側仰臥起坐年齡、性別及其交互作用顯著的肌肉分別為2、10、3塊,年齡效應差異顯著的年齡組成對數量為男女生共計82對,性別效應差異顯著的肌肉數量為13塊,年齡組為11個。結果說明6~14歲學生完成3種不同姿勢仰臥起坐年齡及性別通用性當屬雙臂胸前交叉的仰臥起坐最高。

By utilizing surface myoelectricity contribution rate, the authors compared the universality of sit-ups in 3 different postures(both arms crossing over the chest, both hands on thighs, both arms at both sides) in fitness testing in terms of age and gender factors, so as to provide a theoretical criterion for screening out sit-ups in the optimal posture in a scientific and accurate way. Basing the test objects on 270 students aged 6-14, the authors tested the myoelectricity values of 14 muscles in the whole body of every student during completing the said strength quality testing, and then standardized them into surface myoelectricity contribution rates, carried out an age and gender factors analysis of variance and a comparison of differences between indexes on the surface myoelectricity contribution rates of all the muscles involved in sit-ups in 3 different postures, and revealed the following findings: the numbers of the age, gender and their interaction significant muscles involved in sit-ups with both arms crossing over the chest are respectively 1,7 and 2 pieces,the number of pairs in the age effect difference significant age groups are totally 45 pairs of male and female students,the number of gender effect difference significant muscles is 9 pieces,there are 5 age groups;the numbers of the age,gender and their interaction significant muscles involved in sit-ups with both hands on thighs are respectively 5,6 and 5 pieces,the number of pairs in the age effect difference significant age groups are totally 101 pairs of male and female students,the number of gender effect difference significant muscles is11 pieces,there are 13 age groups;the numbers of the age,gender and their interaction significant muscles involved in sit-ups with both arms at both sides are respectively 2,10 and 3 pieces,the number of pairs in the age effect difference significant age groups are totally 82 pairs of male and female students,the number of gender effect difference significant muscles is 13 pieces,there are 11 age groups.The said findings indicate that among sit-ups in 3 different postures(both arms crossing over the chest,both hands on thighs,both arms at both sides)done by students aged 6-14,sit-ups with both arms crossing over the chest has the highest age and gender universality.