The national musical instrument not only embodies the Chinese people's wisdom and experience,also by the infiltration of national culture formed a variety of taboo,affecting the use and development of national musical instruments,but for the widespread cultural phenomenon,at present related research just scattered in various research results,did not systematically. Therefore,in this paper,on the basis of the summary of the national musical instruments,the cultural and psychological and cultural functions of the interpretation,in order to enrich and expand the academic research,and promote the cultural heritage of national musical instruments.