為瞭解國民中小學學生學習電腦相關行為及現況,本研究以台北市國
民中學三年級學生1251人及國小六年級學生1201人為研究對象,經運用電
腦經驗調查表.認知需求量表.數學焦慮量表.電腦態度量表及電腦素養測
驗卷等研究工具,獲得所需的資料,再以chi-square考驗.皮爾遜積差相關.
t-test.典型相關.多元(逐步)迴歸及因徑分析等方法進行統計分析,結果
有以下幾點發現: 一. 國民中小學學生電腦經驗.電腦資源.電腦態度與
電腦素養現況方面 1. 國中與國小學生之電腦經驗有顯著的差異存在.
2. 國中與國小學生之電腦資源部份有顯著的差異. 3. 國中與國小男
女學生之電腦經驗部份有顯著的差異存在. 4. 國中與國小男女學生
之電腦資源部份有顯著的差異存在. 5. 國中學生與國小學生在電腦
焦慮與電腦有用性兩電腦態度上有顯著差異. 6. 國民中小學男學生之
電腦態度(焦慮與自信)顯著較女生好. 7. 國中學生之電腦素養(軟硬
體.應用與影響.操作.倫理)顯著較國中學生佳. 8. 國民中小學男學生
之電腦素養(軟硬體.應用與影響.操作)顯著較女生佳. 二. 影響國中小
學生電腦態度方面 1. 電腦經驗與國中小學生之電腦態度有顯著之正
相關. 2. 電腦資源與國中小學生之電腦態度有顯著之正相關. 3.
認知需求與國中小學生之電腦態度有顯著之正相關. 4. 數學焦慮與國
中小學生之電腦態度有顯著之相關. 5. 數學成就與國中小學生之電腦
態度有顯著之正相關. 6. 認知需求.每星期使用電腦的時間.每星期閱
讀電腦書籍及雜誌的時間.家中電腦週 邊設備的情形.自己或與他
人共同使用電腦以及是否有電腦學前經驗等六個變項對 國中小學
生之電腦態度有顯著的預測效果,預測解釋力為32%. 三. 影響國中小學
生電腦素養方面 1. 電腦經驗與國中小學生之電腦素養有顯著之正相
關. 2. 電腦資源與國中小學生之電腦素養有顯著之正相關. 3. 認
知需求與國中小學生之電腦素養有顯著之正相關. 4. 數學焦慮與國中
小學生之電腦素養有顯著之相關. 5. 數學成就與國中小學生之電腦素
養有顯著之正相關. 6. 每星期閱讀電腦書籍及雜誌的時間.家中電腦
週邊設備的情形.自己或與他人共同 使用電腦.電腦焦慮.電腦自信
以及電腦喜歡等六個變項對國中小學生之電腦素養 有顯著的預測
效果,預測解釋力約為52%.四.整合模式分析方面1. 國中學生之電腦經驗
與電腦資源對其電腦素養之影響,主要是來自直接效果的影響(經
驗:57.32%;資源:73.31%), 而認知需求對電腦素養之影響主要是透過電腦
態度間接效 果的影響(89.06%).2. 電腦經驗與電腦資源對國小學生電
腦素養之影響, 來自間接效果的影響約佔(經驗: 67.55%;資
源:52.32%),認知需求對國小電腦素養的影響主要是透過電腦態度的間接
效果,佔61.29%.

With the expansion of computer technology, it is important
to prepare individuals for success in our increasingly
computerized society. Therefore,factors that impact decisions
regarding attitude and literacy of computer should be expored.
Several factors should be considered: (1) individual
characteristics, (2) computer experience, (3) computer resource,
(4) cognitiveneed, (5) mathematics anxiety, and (6) mathematics
achievement. The purposes of this study were : (1) To find
out the situation of information education in junior
secondaryand primary school at present; (2) To find out the
situation of the computer attitude and literacy in junior
secondary and primary school students at present; (3) To
examine the relationship and effects toward computer attitudes
and literacy of many factors. 1251 junior secondary and 1201
primary school students were measured by (1)individual
characteristics and computer experience questionnare, (2)
Cognitive Need Scale , (3) Mathematics Anxiety Scale , (4)
Computer Attitude Scale, and(5) Computer Literacy Test. The
mainly statistical methods are chi-square, pearson product
moment correlation, t-test, canonical correlation analysis,
multiple(stepwise) regression analysis and path analysis.
The results of the analysis of data indicated the following :
(1) There were significant sex and school level differences of
attitude and literacy toward computer. Boys were better than
girls. Primary school students were better than junior secondary
school; (2) There were significant correlations between computer
experience, computer resource, cognitive need, mathematics
anxiety, mathematics achievement, and computer attitude; (3)
There were significant correlations between computer
experience, computer resource, cognitive need, mathematics
anxiety, mathematics achievement, and computer literacy; (4)
Computer experience, computer resourse, cognitive need and
computer attitude were significant predictors for computer
literacy. Computer attitude was the best significant predictor.
Recommendations were made for information education , school ,
family,educational organization and future additional research ,
to improve the attitude and literacy toward computer of junior
secondary and primary school students.