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題名:西洋圖書館目錄目的與功能發展之研究
作者:張慧銖 引用關係
作者(外文):Huei-chu Chang
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:圖書資訊學研究所
指導教授:吳 明 德
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2002
主題關鍵詞:圖書館目錄目錄目的目錄功能線上公用目錄整合查詢個人化作品書目關係OPACOnline catalogcatalog objectivesPanizziJewettCutterLubetzky
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 點閱點閱:69
本論文之目的在探討西洋圖書館目錄目的與功能的發展,研究目的共有八項,分別為:一、針對十九及二十世紀中重要的編目理論家,包括:Panizzi、Jewett、Cutter 及Lubetzky等人,對於他們所編製的目錄規則與相關的論述加以分析、推衍與還原,期能從中探索他們心中所蘊藏之目錄目的與功能的理念,進而了解在這兩個世紀之中,目錄之目的與功能的演變情形,做為檢視現代線上公用目錄的基礎;二、探討書目記述的原則,以了解為達成目錄之目的,在進行書目記述時,所應注意的相關原則為何;三、探討作品的定義,及其在不同之編目規則中的展現,期能更加了解作品的本質,以及應如何加以處理,方能達成目錄之目的;四、探討作品與書目之間所存在的各種關係,以便了解其如何展現目錄之目的,並且得知作品間的連結模式;五、探討書目記錄的功用與書目元素的種類,以便了解線上公用目錄中各項功能的運作情況;六、探討線上公用目錄的分期、功能的演進與展示之相關問題,用以檢視其達成目錄目的的程度,並探求其改進方向;七、探討網際網路與網路資源的發展對於線上公用目錄所造成的衝擊與影響;八、探討線上公用目錄的角色轉變與未來的發展方向。
本論文所採用之研究方法包括歷史法與文獻分析法,研究所涵蓋之時間縱貫十九世紀迄今,約包括兩百餘年;在橫向方面,則牽涉到圖書館自動化作業、編目理念、記述原則與相關標準的發展等,可謂在時間之外尚包括許多複雜的討論面向。因此,僅針對前述各項研究目的,在所蒐集的相關文獻中,找出具有歷史意義的轉折點,包括:人物、學說、事件與各種資訊組織工具之發展,詳加研討與分析,除做為研究的理論基礎之外,並歸納出具體的研究成果。
根據研究目的之設定,本研究所提出之研究結果亦分為八項加以敘述,包括:一、歸納出十九及二十世紀中Panizzi、Jewett、Cutter、Lubetzky、巴黎原則、IFLA,以及Svenonius等個人和機構對於目錄之目的與功能的重要理念,包括:將著者的作品和作品的版本予以聚集,並連結一著者的所有作品,使目錄具備查詢、聚合、協助辨識、選擇、獲取與航行之功能,同時目錄之目的與功能會隨著時代的演進與需求改變而做修正;二、書目記述時應注意的相關原則,包括:使用者方便性原則及其附屬之共同使用原則、表達原則及其附屬之正確性原則、充足與必要原則及其附屬之重要性原則、標準化原則,與整合原則;三、作品是現代目錄的基本組成,但在各編目規則中都未曾清楚地定義作品,未來我們若能在編目規則中較清楚地定義作品,且對新作品的判定若能有更清楚的規範,那麼不僅可以讓編目員有所遵循,也能讓編目的結果更為符合讀者的需求;四、作品間的關係相當複雜,然其關係是可以被分類並提供檢索的,而書目關係是界定兩個或兩個以上的實體在書目世界中的階層性關連,目錄之目的與功能就是藉由書目間的關係與連結而達成的;五、書目記錄的的功用包括:1.以實體本身的資訊做為描述基礎;2.對於作品的知識及其藝術本質加以區辨;3.確立書目的獨特性並協助選擇資訊;4.提供相關作品之連結;5.提供引用目的之共同資訊;6.提供查尋單件之位置;7.協助書目的傳遞;8.為書目資料庫的維護工作提供所需之資訊等;另書目元素的種類大約可以分為五類,即:1.查詢用資料元素;2.辨識用資料元素;3.組織用資料元素;4.表達關係之資料元素;5.確定處所之資料元素;六、關於線上公用目錄的分期、功能的演進與展示之相關問題,若根據Taylor的分期,線上公用目錄共可分為三個主要的世代,第一代建立於1980年代,係仿照卡片目錄或資訊檢索系統,第二代約在1992至1996年間,不僅整合了卡片目錄或資訊檢索系統的設計模式,還增加了檢索點、檢索能力與展示方式的多樣性,第三代則自1996年開始,具備了Web介面、超本文的連結與瀏覽功能、圖形式的使用者介面,以及提供Z39.50通訊協定的跨系統查詢之能力等。此外,線上公用目錄應能考慮目錄的不同功能,而採用不同層次的展示方式;七、網際網路與網路資源的發展對於目錄造成極大的衝擊與影響,使得圖書館必須積極思考因應之道;八、在線上公用目錄角色的轉變與未來的發展方向方面,預期將朝向個人化與各類型資訊資源整合查詢的方向發展。
本研究提出以下幾點建議:一、圖書館界仍應重視編目原則的重要性;二、持續進行各項目錄使用的相關研究;三、重視以作品單元編目的重要性;四、進行書目家族的相關研究;五、落實各項資訊資源的整合查詢;六、關注FRBR、CORC及LC行動方案的後續發展;七、對中國圖書館目錄發展的建議。
一、中文部分
(一)圖書
胡述兆主編,圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典。台北市:漢美圖書有限公司,民84。
新世紀數位圖書館與博物館趨勢研討會論文集。 新竹市:國立交通大學圖書館,民90年。
飛資得資訊有限公司。Clotho MetaWeb(可羅索知識技術成果發表會)會議資料。台北市:世貿中心展覽大樓二樓第四會議室, 民91年2月21日-2月23日。
(二) 期刊論文
卜小蝶。「Fuzzy Search技術在中文OPAC的應用」。中國圖書館學會會報 56期(民85年6月),頁77-86。new window
--------。「提供個人化服務的線上公用目錄檢索系統初探」。中國圖書館學會會報 59期(民86年12月),頁127-133。
--------。「提供全球圖書資訊服務的線上公用目錄(OPAC)改進方法」。TANet'' 95 研討會:台灣校園網路規劃管理與應用(中壢市:中央大學,民84年10月23-24日),頁147-151。
文榕生。「機讀目錄的檢索原理的功能」。中國圖書館學報 no.2 (1999年3月):頁43-46。
吳美美。「第三代線上公用目錄研究方向探討」。教育資料與圖書館學 29卷1期(民國80年9月):頁76-82。new window
李美幸。「一個編目館員對網路資源編目的看法」。清華圖書館館訊 26期(民國85年6月):頁15-18。
林呈潢。「現代圖書館目錄的功能與角色」。大學圖書館 2卷2期(民國87年4月):頁62-82。new window
林明。「書目實體、書目關係和目錄的職能」。大學圖書館學報 15卷3期(1997):頁55-56。
林信成,龔欲民。「XML與電子文件展示技術之探討」。圖書與資訊學刊 37期(2001年5月),頁58-78。new window
邱子恆。「記述編目相關議題初探:1990年代之文獻分析」。在盧荷生教授七秩榮慶論文集,該論文集編輯委員會編,頁1-19。台北市:文史哲,民90。
邱韻玲。「遠程檢索線上目錄的發展及其問題的探討」。ASIS台北學生分會會訊6期(民國82年6月):頁63-83。
張建清。「網際網路個人化代理服務:從My Yahoo!、Tom.com及Openfind PIE2000談起」。Internet Pioneer網際先鋒 第71期(民89年4月),頁104-108。
陳亞寧。「網路資源之書目控制」。圖書與資訊學刊25期(民國87年5月):頁44-62。new window
--------。「網路化文獻整理方法之探討」。全國圖書資訊網路通訊 5卷1-2期(民國85年4月):頁5-13。
陳昭珍。「電子資訊的組織模式」。圖書館學刊 第十二期(民國86年12月):頁161-182。new window
--------。「從實體到虛擬:談資訊組織發展現況與展望」。在知識經濟時代圖書資訊學之展望 (台北市:國立臺灣大學圖書館學系四十週年系慶研討會,民90年),頁9-22。
陳秋枝。「網路資源的組織與整理-圖書館界之觀點」。中國圖書館學會會訊 4卷2(101)期(民國85年6月):頁40-41。
陳淑燕。「圖書目次分析與加值服務:從OhioLINK書目轉錄談起」。國家圖書館館訊 91年第1期(民國91年2月),頁29-33。
陳雪華。「網路資源之組織與整理」。圖書館學刊 第十一期(民國85年12月):頁23-46。new window
--------。「網路資源組織與Metadata之發展」。圖書館學刊 第十二期(民國86年12月):頁19-37。
--------。「數位時代資訊組織之發展趨勢」。中國圖書館學會會報 64期(民90年6月),頁49-59。
曾元顯。「WWW技術在線上公用目錄的應用」,中國圖書館學會會訊 103期(民85年12月):56-61。
--------。「架構在WWW與Z39.50上的近似自然語言OPAC檢索系」。大學圖書館2卷4期(民國87年10月):頁128-148。
黃倩如。「從線上公用目錄的功能探討圖書館期刊編目政策」。圖書與資訊學刊 27期(民國87年11月):頁80-92。new window
程變愛。「從編目作業探討網路資源的整理問題」。圖書情報工作 第三期 (2001年 3月): 頁62-65, 85。
葉乃靜。「線上公用目錄之使用研究:文獻探討」。大學圖書館5卷1期(民國90年3 月):頁93-115。new window
蔡明月。「論線上目錄之主題檢索」。教育資料與圖書館學33卷1期(民國84年9月):頁53-67。new window
鄭惠珍。「線上公用目錄使用者介面問題之探討」。資訊傳播與圖書館學5卷4期(民國88年6月):頁63-74。new window
盧秀菊。「圖書館目錄之書目關係」。國家圖書館館刊 八十九年第二期(民八十九年十二月),頁123-134。new window
藍文欽。「讀者如何使用圖書館的書目資訊」。在盧荷生教授七秩榮慶論文集,該論文集編輯委員會編,頁215-250。台北市:文史哲,民90。
羅思嘉。「數位圖書館資源組織與整理」。大學圖書館3卷2期(民國88年4月):頁50-68。
二、 西文部分
(一) 圖書
Buckland, Michael. Redesigning Library Services: A Manifesto. Chicago: American Library Association, 1992.
Carpenter, Michael. Corporate Authorship: Its Role in Library Cataloging. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1981.
--------, and Elaine Svenonius ed. Foundations of Cataloging: A Sourcebook. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1985.
Cataloging Distribution Service, Library of Congress. Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Cataloging Distribution Service, 1989.
Chan, Lois Mai. Cataloging and Classification: An Introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981.
Chaplin, A. H., and D. Anderson ed. International Conference on Cataloguing Principles, Paris, 9-18th October, 1961; Report. London: IFLA International Office for Universal Bibliographic Control, 1981.
Clack, Doris Hargrett ed. The Making of a Code: The Issues Underlying AACR2: Papers Given at the International Conference on AACR2, Held March 11-14, 1979 in Tallahassee, Florida. Chicago: American Library Association, 1980.
Cochrane, Pauline Atherton. Redesign of Catalogs and Indexes for Improved Online Subject Access: Selected Papers of Pauline A. Cochrane. Phoenix, AZ.: Oryx Press, 1985.
Connell, Tschera Harkness and Robert L. Maxwell ed. The Future of Cataloging: Insights from the Lubetzky Symposium: April18, 1988, University of California, Los Angeles. Chicago: American Library Association, 2000.
Cutter, Charles A. Rules for a Printed Dictionary Catalog. U.S. Bureau of Education, Special Report on Public Libraries, Part II. Washington, D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1876.
--------. Rules for a Dictionary Catalog. London: Library Association, 1904.
Domanovsky, A. Functions and Objects of Author and Title Cataloging: A Contribution to Cataloguing Theory, English Text, ed. by Anthony Thompson. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, c1974.
Dunkin, Paul. Cataloging U.S.A. Chicago: American Library Association, 1969.
Freedman, Maurice J. The Functions of the Catalog and the Main Entry as Found in the Work of Panizzi, Jewett, Cutter and Lubetzky. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms International, 1983.
--------, and S. Michael Malinconico. The Nature and Future of the Catalog. Phoenix, AZ.: Oryx, 1979.
Ghikas, Mary ed. Authority Control: The Key to Tomorrow''s Catalog: Proceedings of the 1979 Library and Information Technology Association Institutes. Phoenix, AZ.: Oryx, 1982.
Hagler, Ronald. The Bibliographic Record and Information Technology. Chicago: American Library Association, 1991.
Harris, Michael. Charles Coffin Jewett and American Librarianship, 1841-1868. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1975.
Helal, Ahmed H., and Joachim W. Weiss ed. Hierarchical Relationships in Bibliographic Descriptions. Essen: Gesamthochshulbibliothek Essen., 1982.
Hildreth, Charles R. The Online Catalogue: Developments and Directions. London: Library Association, 1989.
Hyman, Richard Joseph. Information Access: Capabilities and Limitations of Printed and Computerized Sources. Chicago: American Library Association, 1989.
IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: Final Report. Munchen: Saur, 1998.
Jewett,Charles C. On the Construction of Catalogue of Libraries and of a General Catalogue and their Publication by Means of Separate, Stereotyped Titles with Rules and Examples. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1853.
Kent, Allen, and Harold Lancour ed. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. New York: M. Dekker, 1990.
Kumar, Girja, and Krishan Kumar. Theory of Cataloguing. New Delhi: Vikas, 1988.
Lehnus, Donald J. Milestones in Cataloging; Famous Catalogers and Their Writings, 1835-1969. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1974.
Line, Maurice ed. Librarianship and Information Work Worldwide, 1995. London: Saur, 1996.
Lubetzky, Seymour. Code of Cataloging Rules: Author and Title Entry: An Unfinished Draft. Chicago: American Library Association, 1960.
--------. Cataloging Rules and Principles: A Critique of ALA Rules for Entry and a Proposed Design for Their Revision. Washington, D. C.: Library of Congress Processing Department, 1953.
--------. Principles of Cataloging. Los Angeles, CA.: Institute of Catalog Research, 1969.
Markey, Karen. Subject Searching in Library Catalogs: Before and After the Introduction of Online Catalogs. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC Online Computer Library Center, 1984.
Mcilwaine, I. C. ed. Standards for the International Exchange of Bibliographic Information. London: The Library Association, 1991.
Midsa, Francis. The Subject in the Dictionary Catalog: From Cutter to the Present. Chicago: American Library Association, 1983.
Noelle, Van Pulis. Think Tank on the Present and Future of the Online Catalog. Chicago: American Library Association, 1991.
Norris, Dorothy M. A History of Cataloguing and Cataloguing Methods, 1100-1850: With an Introductory Survey of Ancient Times. Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1969.
Olding, Raymond Knox. Readings in Library Cataloguing. [Hamden, Conn.]: Archon Books, 1996.
Pattie, L-Y. W., and B. J. Cox. Electronic Resources: Selection and Bibliographic Control. New York: Haworth, 1996.
Piggott, Mary. A Topography of Cataloguing: Showing the Most Important Landmarks, Communications and Perilous Places. London: Library Association, 1988.
Quigg, P. J. Theory of Cataloguing: An Examination Guidebook. London: Clive Bingley, 1966.
Ranganathan, Shiyali Ramamrita. Headings and Canons: Comparative Study of Five Catalogue Codes. London: G. Blunt, 1955.
--------. Prolegomena to Library Classification. London: Library Association, 1957.
Reynolds, Dennis. Library Automation: Issues and Applications. New York: R. R. Bowker, 1985.
Roe, Graham ed. Seminar on AACR2: Proceedings of a Seminar Organized by the Cataloguing and Indexing Group of the Library Association at the University of Nottingham, 20-22 April 1979. London: Library Association, 1979.
Rowley, J. E. Organizing Knowledge: An Introduction to Information Retrieval. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Pub. Co., 1987.
Sandberg-Fox, Ann M. ed. Proceedings of the Bicentennial Conference on Bibliographic Control for the New Millennium: Confronting the Challenges of Networked Resources and the Web: Washington, D.C., November 15-17, 2000. Washington, DC: Library of Congress, Cataloging Distribution Service, 2001.
Schottlaender, Brian E. C. ed. The Future of the Descriptive Cataloging Rules: AACR 2000 ALCTS Preconference, American Library Association Annual Conference, June 22, 1995, Chicago, Illinois. Chicago [I11.]: American Library Association, 1998.
Serial Record Division, Library of Congress. CONSER Editing Guide (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1994)
Shearer, James R., and Alan R. Thomas ed. Cataloging and Classification: Trends, Transformations, Teaching, and Training. New York: Haworth, 1997.
Smiraglia, Richard P. The Nature of A ‘Work’: Implications for the Organization of Knowledge. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press, 2001.
-------- ed. Origins, Content, and Future of AACR2 Revised. Chicago [I11.]: American Library Association, 1992.
Smith, Linda C., and Ruth C. Carter. Technical Services Management, 1965-1990: A Quarter Century of Change and a Look to the Future: Festschrift for Kathryn Luther Henderson. New York: Haworth, 1996.
Strout, R. F. ed. Toward a Better Cataloging Code. Chicago: The University of Chicago, Graduate Library School, 1957.
Svenonius, Elaine. The Intellectual Foundation of Information Organization. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press, 2000.
-------- ed. The Conceptual Foundation of Descriptive Cataloging. San Diego: Academic Press, 1989.
Tait, James A. Authors and Titles: An Analytical Study of the Author Concept in Codes of Cataloguing Rules in the English Language. London: Clive Bingley, 1969.
Taylor, Arlene G. The Organization of Information. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited, 1999.
Thompson, Anthorny. Functions and Objects of Author and Title Cataloging: A Contribution to Cataloguing Theory, English Text. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 1974.
Tillin, Alma M. and William J. Quinly. Standards for Cataloging Nonprint Materials: An Interpretation and Practical Application. 4th ed. Washington, D. C.: Association for Educational Communications and Technology, c1976.
Verona, E. Corporate Headings: Their Use in Library Catalogues and National Bibliographies: A Comparative and Critical Study. London: IFLA Committee on Cataloguing, 1975.
Viswanathan, Caduveti Gursubrahmanya. Cataloguing Theory and Practice. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow''s Printers and Publishers, 1970.
Weibel, Stuart, E. Godby and R. Daniel. OCLC/NASA/Metadata Workshop Report.
Weihs, Jean ed. The Principles and Future of AACR: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 23-25, 1997. Ottawa: Canadian Library Association, 1998.
--------, and Lynne Howarth. A Brief Guide to AACR2 1988 Revision and Implications for Automated Systems. Ottawa: Canadian Library Association, 1988.
Wiegand, W. A., and D. B. Davis ed. Encyclopedia of Library History. New York: Garland, 1994.
(二) 學位論文
Fattahi, Rahmatollah. “The Relevance of Cataloging Principles to the Online Environment.” Ph.D. diss., University of New South Wales, 1997.
Carlyle,Allyson “The Second Objective of the Catalog: An Evaluation of Collocation in Online Catalog Displays.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 1994.
Leazer, Gregory H. “A Conceptual Plan for the Description and Control of Bibliographic Works.” Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1993.
Smiraglia, Richard P. “Authority Control and the Extent of Derivative Bibliographic Relationships.” Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1992.
Tillett, Barbara B. “Bibliographic Relationships: Toward a Conceptual Structure of Bibliographic Information Used in Cataloging.” Ph.D. Diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 1987.
Vellucci, Sherry L. “Bibliographic Relationships among Musical Bibliographic Entities: A Conceptual analysis of Music Represented in a Library Catalog with A Taxonomy of
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