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題名：製造彈性能力與產品策略配適關係之實證研究－以台灣手工具產業為例
作者：楊振隆 引用關係
作者(外文)：Yang Chen-Lung
校院名稱：中華大學
系所名稱：科技管理研究所
指導教授：張世佳
賀力行
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2002
主題關鍵詞：製造彈性能力；新產品彈性；產品範籌彈性；產量彈性；產品策略；manufacturing flexibility capability；new product flexibility；product range flexibility；volume flexibility；product strategy
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自1970年起，台灣主要係仰賴約100萬家的中小企業廠商在國際市場上的高度競爭力，而能於世界經濟地位佔有一席之地；而不同於亞洲其他工業國家如日本、韓國等，大部分的國際競爭活動僅由少數的大財團所支配。然而，近十年來，台灣中小企業廠商正面臨開發中國家廠商之低價競爭、顧客需求偏好的快速遞移及產品生命週期急劇縮短的高度環境變動下，許多製造策略文獻普遍認為中小企業廠商提高製造彈性能力係因應環境高度變動的重要策略之一(Gerwin, 1993; Suarez et al., 1996; Chang et al., 2003a)。
Gerwin (1993)認為製造彈性能力具多元構面(multi- dimensional)之內涵，當廠商採不同之產品策略時，若擁有適當的製造彈性構面予以搭配，則對於廠商績效目標之達成具正面助益性。基於此，探討製造彈性能力與產品策略配適關係對事業績效的影響性為本文的研究議題。本文引用的製造彈性構面包括：新產品彈性、產品範疇彈性及產量彈性；產品策略構面包括：新產品進入市場時機、產品定價水準、產品線寬窄度及接單批量大小；而事業績效則以利潤率為衡量指標。
本文係以149家台灣手工具中小企業廠商為實證對象，利用two-way ANOVA分析法探討製造彈性能力與產品策略配適關係，實證結果顯示廠商採不同之產品策略時，應具備適當之製造彈性能力構面，以提昇利潤率之績效表現。
Unlike some of the industrialized countries in Asia (e.g., Japan and Korea), where major conglomerates account for the majority of economic activities, Taiwan has traditionally relied on its small and medium sized firms to compete in international markets since the 1970s. Over the last decade they have found themselves facing increasing technological innovation and more severe competition from nearly developing countries. Constantly changing technology induces product and process innovation and shorter product life cycles. To deal with more dynamic and competitive market, the literature has suggested the development of manufacturing flexibility as a new strategic imperative (Gerwin, 1993; Suarez et al., 1996; Chang et al., 2003a).
Gerwin (1993) suggested that manufacturing flexibility is a multi-dimensional capability and companies must select ones that fit with their product strategy and market niche to reach strategic goals. Given the fact, to investigate the manufacturing flexibility in alignment with product strategy and verify the impact of this matching on business performance are the research purposes. In this research, manufacturing flexibility dimensions include new product flexibility, product range flexibility, and volume flexibility. Besides, product strategy dimensions include the timing of introducing new product, the board of product line, product pricing level and lot size. Also, profit ratio is the index of business performance.
This paper established the fitting relationship between manufacturing flexibility dimensions and product strategy to be research hypotheses and examined empirically based on the data collected from 149 hand tool manufacturing firms. This study results indicate that firms must adopt their product strategy based on different dimensions of manufacturing flexibility advantage in order to improve the performance in profit ratio.
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