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題名:產業層級及企業層級因素對併購決策及績效之影響﹘以金融整合為例
作者:曾真真
作者(外文):Jen-jen Tseng
校院名稱:國立中正大學
系所名稱:企業管理研究所
指導教授:何雍慶
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2005
主題關鍵詞:併購決策併購績效金融整合M&A decisionM&A performancefinancial consolidation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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金融市場自由化使得金融業之競爭加劇,且亦壓縮業者之利潤邊際。而為了改善離散的市場結構,不少業者嘗試利用金融整合以追求規模經濟及範疇經濟,此亦形成金融業之合併風潮。然而,金融整合究竟是因應環境轉變的理性變革?還是盲目的一窩蜂現象?則為備受關切的議題。由於金融機構偏好以併購方式進行金融整合,因此本研究乃以金融業之併購活動為研究主題,以探索影響金融機構併購整合決策之關鍵因素,並建立策略考量因素與併購績效之因果模式。
本研究以產業及企業二個層級發掘影響併購決策及績效之前因,透過文獻探討共獲致產業結構、模仿同形化、資源槓桿、取得互補性資源、經驗學習等五項變數為影響併購決策及績效之關鍵因素。因此,本研究擬透過質性及定量研究驗證併購考量因素與併購決策及績效間之關係。
本研究之質性研究係採個案研究法共進行四個個案;定量研究則搜集國內金融整合宣告共獲致122個樣本,並先以logistic 迴歸建立併購決策模式,實證顯示互補性結合及經驗學習為促進併購活動的關鍵因素;此外,本研究採事件研究法求得併購宣告之異常報酬,再利用複迴歸建立併購績效模式,實證結果發現產業吸引力、互補性結合對併購績效有正向的影響。且擴張範疇及資源承諾在企業層級因素與併購績效的關係上的調節效果,亦獲得部分支持。
Market liberalization caused a dramatic increase in competition and a decreasing of profit margins in financial industry. In order to improve the fragmented market structure, most of the financial institutions attempted to go into the financial consolidation in order to pursue the scope economic and scale economic. These consolidation efforts triggered a wave of mergers within and across the financial industry. Nevertheless, whether financial consolidation is a rational change to adapt the new institutional environment or is a swarm of blind phenomenon, it is an interest issue with regard to the research and practice. At the same time, the financial consolidations were preferred to adopt the mode of M&A. Hence, this paper aimed to explore that the critical factors on the M&A decision, and construct the causal model for the financial consolidation activities.
This paper explored the antecedence of M&A decision and performance based on the industry level and firm level perspective. Literature review suggested that market attractive, imitation isomorphism, resources leverage, acquire complementary resources and experience learning were the critical factors for M&A decision and performance. Therefore, we drafted both qualitative and quantitative research method desired to test the relationship of the critical factors and M&A activity.
Qualitative research adopted case study technique and visited 4 cases. Quantitative research was searched about consolidation announcements for financial industry to acquire 122 samples. Furthermore, we selected the logistic regression model to construct the probability model for M&A decision.
Research found the leadership’s niche market select decisions were positively related to consolidation probability. Both of the complementary combined and experience learning of the firm level factors also play critical roles in M&A decision. Moreover, we utilized event study to estimate the normal return of the M&A announcements. And choose multi-regression model construct the causal model for M&A activities. The results indicated that both industry attractive and complementary combined had a positive effect on the M&A performance. Therewith, the scope of expansion and the commitment of resources to both of the relation of firm-level factors and M&A performance were partially supported the moderating effects.
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