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題名:三部英國意識流小說之德希達解構分析:《項狄傳》、《戴洛維夫人》與《燈塔行》的結構與主題
作者:黃玉敏
作者(外文):Huang, Yu-min
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:英語學系
指導教授:張水木
蔣筱珍
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2020
主題關鍵詞:stream-of-consciousness novelpostmodernismDerridadeconstructionBakhtinDialogismReaders-Oriented CriticismNaratologyTristram ShandyMrs. DallowayTo the LighthouseLaurence SterneVirginia Woolf意識流小說後現代主義德希達解構巴赫汀對話論讀者中心理論敘事學項狄傳戴洛維夫人燈塔行史登恩吳爾芙
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本論文旨在探討三部英國意識流小說,並闡述意識流小說的理論基礎和其他文學理論之關係:例如,巴赫汀的對話論、後現代與德希達的解構、讀者中心理論與敘事學。本論文試圖揭露勞倫斯・史登恩《項狄傳》與維吉妮亞・吳爾芙《戴洛維夫人》與《燈塔行》中的結構與主題,這些結構和主題中的意涵正是兩位作者在特定的關鍵歷史情勢之中不敢說出的話。本論文主張在此三部小說之中,兩位作者皆將大視界議題如宗教、戰爭與藝術偽裝成普通日常生活,以及敘述彼此類似的維多利亞特色。首先,《項狄傳》著重於歷史和道德寓意。史登恩以特里斯舛的出生、命名、壓扁的鼻子與托比叔叔和特里姆下士的模擬戰爭為主題,暗諷史都華王朝的歷史片斷和五種與基督教派的宗教相關的道德寓意。本書中共有一個伏筆、一個「要是沒有的話,那又會變成怎麼樣」的問題和四個結構體。第二,《戴洛維夫人》著重於名聲、愛情和死亡。吳爾芙經歷過兩次世界大戰,以克蕾莉莎的宴會和賽普提姆斯對同胞伊凡斯之死的愧疚自責為主題,刻劃在第一次世界大戰時,英國政府如何鼓吹人民支持加入戰爭,以及戰爭對人民生命的損失和心理創傷。本書中共有一個伏筆、三個「要是沒有的話,那又會變成怎麼樣」的問題和四個結構體。最後,《燈塔行》則是著重於婚姻和視角。吳爾芙以任斯耶夫婦的婚姻關係和布魯斯科的繪畫為題,闡述維多利亞時期的婚姻關係與前拉斐爾派畫風中的「為藝術而藝術」的藝術主張,應仍存有押韻詩學派中的藝術具有獨特價值及其自由風格之繪畫技巧,或是具有個人觀點,此觀點增色並呼應上述兩派。本書中共有一個伏筆、一個「要是沒有的話,那又會變成怎麼樣」的問題和四個結構體。本論文總共有六標題。首要標題概論,介紹英國文學中的小說以及意識流小說。第一章探討意識流小說理論與其他文學理論的關係。第二章討論《項狄傳》中的歷史和道德寓意。第三章解說《戴洛維夫人》中的名聲、愛情和死亡。第四章闡述《燈塔行》中的婚姻和視角。最後標題結論,敘說本論文的綜合要旨以及闡述性啟示。
This dissertation aims to explore three English stream-of-consciousness novels and to illustrate the stream-of-consciousness theories in relation with other literary theories such as Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin’s Dialogism, postmodernism and Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction, Reader’s Role and Readers-Oriented Criticism, and Narratology. To unveil the structualities and themes in Tristram Shandy, Mrs. Dalloway, and To the Lighthouse that their authors dare not speak in certain crucial genres, I argue that these three English stream-of-consciousness novels all tend to discuss large-scope issues like religion, war and art, respectively in disguise of common daily life, and they all tend to discuss their similar Victorian features. Firstly, Tristram Shandy emphasizes histories and morals. Laurence Sterne employs the birth, naming and a crushed nose of Tristram Shandy, and Uncle Toby Shandy and Corporal Trim’s simulation wars as the themes to satirize historical segments in the Stuart Age and five morals all related to Christian religion. In the novel, there are one trace, one what-if question, and four Derrida’s structuralities. Secondly, Mrs. Dalloway highlights fame, love, and death. Virginia Woolf experienced two world wars and she writes the themes of Mrs. Clarissa Dalloway’s party and Septimus Warren Smith’s guilt of Evans’s death into the description of how England government preached her people to support and fight the first world war and that of how the war caused the loss of people’s lives and their mental trauma. In the novel, there are one trace, three what-if questions, and four Derrida’s structuralities. Lastly, To the Lighthouse accentuates marriage and vision. Woolf writes the themes of Mr. and Mrs. Ramsay’s marriage and Lily Briscoe’s painting into the illustration of marital relationship in Victorian Age, into that of the meaning of art for art’s sake in Pre-Raphaelitism and into that of the idea of unique value and its free style in the idea of Rhymers’ Club poets, or in having one’s perspective, which echoes and graces both. In the novel, there are one trace, one what-if question, and four Derrida’s structuralities. This dissertation consists of six titles: First Title Introduction introduces the novels in English literature and stream-of-consciousness novels. Chapter One explores stream-of-consciousness novels related to other theories. Chapter Two discusses the histories and morals in Tristram Shandy. Chapter Three exemplifies fame, love, and death in Mrs. Dalloway. Chapter Four illustrates marriage and vision in To the Lighthouse. Last Title Conclusion deducts inclusive main ideas and illustrative implications in this dissertation.
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