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題名:中國對波斯灣區域之地緣戰略研究
作者:楊筑尹
作者(外文):Chu-Yin Yang
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:政治學研究所
指導教授:陳文生
曾怡仁
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2020
主題關鍵詞:中國地緣政治地緣戰略波斯灣區域東亞地緣戰略轄區Chinageopoliticsgeo-strategyPersian Gulf regionEast Asia geostrategic realm
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衡諸全球地緣政治版圖從冷戰至今已出現劇烈的轉變,尤以中國在1980年代後從歐亞大陸世界掙脫,建立獨立於心臟地帶轄區及海洋轄區之外的東亞地緣戰略轄區。隨著中國崛起成為大國,可在波斯灣、非洲及世界其他地區發現其足跡及全球之影響力。本文採取地緣政治研究視角,剖析在地緣政治權力結構下,中國從冷戰後至今對波斯灣區域所採取地緣戰略內涵及軌跡,並分析在地緣戰略轄區、地緣政治區層次及國家層次之影響因素。
本文的研究發現:第一,「中國崛起」現象凸顯其「地緣政治能力」的轉變,亦即中國確實具有「全球性」地緣政治能力。第二,在地緣政治地圖上,波斯灣區域位處歐亞-非洲大陸的樞紐,除了位居水陸運輸通道的節點外,長期更是陸權接觸海洋與海權獲取陸地的競逐場域。第三,在波斯灣地緣政治戰略,中國建立戰略夥伴關係及建立軍事合作,能使中國的海軍力量投射延伸到波斯灣及印度洋,以展現波斯灣的軍事存在。第四,在波斯灣地緣經濟戰略,中國除確保長期龐大能源的取得外,並利用「港口及自由貿易區」模式,建立中國企業海外生產及轉運樞紐。最後,從全球的地緣結構體系中,可發現中國將波斯灣視為能夠為其創造大國關係有利條件的地緣政治區域,不僅改善其在波斯灣的地緣安全問題,亦可影響上層地緣戰略轄區的權力互動關係。
The global geopolitical landscape has drastic changes since the Cold War. In particular, China separated from the Eurasian world after the 1980s and established East Asia geostrategic realm independent from the Heartland geostrategic realm and Trade-Dependent Maritime geostrategic realm.This article adopts geopolitical perspective to analyze in the geopolitical structure system what detail and developed tracks of China’s geo-strategy in the Persian Gulf region from the post-Cold War to the present, and interpret levels factors of the geopolitical structure system, which include the geostrategic realm, geopolitical region and national level.
The findings of this article are as follows:First, the phenomenon of "China''s Rise" underlines the transformation of its " geopolitical capability ", it means that China has global geopolitical capabilities. Second, on the geopolitical map, the Persian Gulf region is located at the pivot of the Eurasian-African continent, it has long been a competition field for land power to contact the sea and sea power to obtain land. Third, in the aspects of geopolitical strategy, China established strategic partnerships and military cooperation which extend China''s naval power projection to the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean. Fourth, in the aspects of geo-economic strategy, in addition to ensuring long-term huge energy acquisition, China also applies the "port and free trading zone" models to establish overseas production and transshipment hubs. Finally, China regards the Persian Gulf as a geopolitical region that can create favorable conditions for relations between China and other major powers in the global geopolitical system.
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