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題名:學業自我概念之大魚小池效應與學業成就關係探究:以TIMSS 2019為例的跨國多層次分析
作者:林青松
作者(外文):LIN, CHING-SUNG
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:教育研究所
指導教授:王智弘
翁福元
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:學業自我概念大魚小池效應國際數學與科學教育成就趨勢調查2019學業成就academic self-concept (ASC)Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect (BFLPE)Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2019 (TIMSS 2019)academic achievement
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本研究使用2019國際數學和科學研究趨勢(TIMSS 2019)的數據,以檢驗納入統計的44個國家或地區中,八年級學生的學業自我概念之大魚小池效應與學業成就關係。大魚小池效應(Big Fish-Little-Pond-Effect),係指當所處群體的平均能力較高,學生會因為與同儕的社會比較而產生較低的學業自我概念;反之然當所處群體的平均能力較低,學生則產生較高的學業自我概念。主要研究目的歸納如下:(一)探討學生數學自我概念對於數學學業成就的影響。(二)探討個體與班級層面之數學學業成就對於學生的數學學業自我概念的影響。(三)探討個體層面之數學學業成就、知覺相對位階(perceived relative standing對學生的學業自我概念中之BFLPE的影響。據此,本研究提出三個研究假設模型,第一個統計模型是數學自我概念的驗證性因素分析(Confirmatory Factor Analysis, CFA)模型。第二個統計模型是Lüdtke et al.(2008)提出的多層次潛在共變項模型(multilevel latent covariate model)的擴展。在第三個統計模型中,與先前的研究一致(Wang& Bergin,2017,Huguet et al.,2009,Wang, 2015),加入知覺相對位階以作為組內層次數學自我概念的附加預測因子。
研究結果顯示:(一)班級間平均數學學業自我概念有顯著不同。(二)學生個人與班級之數學學業成就對學生的數學學業自我概念有顯著預測力。(三)學生個人之數學學業成就、知覺相對位階對學生的數學學業自我概念有顯著的預測力。
本研究僅基於研究的相關發現與研究過程所遇挑戰提出後續研究的建議,依內容分為對教育實務方面與對後續欲進行類似取向的研究提出相關議題之建議,期能將研究結果提供教育行政主管機關、學校行政人員、教師及未來研究者作為參考。
The purpose of this study was to examine, based on TIMSS 2019 data of students from 44 countries/areas, the relations between 8th graders’ BFLPE (Big Fish-Little Pond Effect) and academic achievement. BFLPE is believed to be resulted from social comparison processes, and it implies that students tend to have lower academic self-concept in an averagely higher achieved class or school. On the other hand, students compare their own self-concept with their peers and equally capable students have higher self-concepts when in a less capable group. Three research questions were proposed, including: 1) investigating the influence of students’ mathematics self-concept on mathematics achievement, 2) investigating the influence of mathematics achievement of individual students and the class on students’ mathematics self-concept, and 3) Investigating the influence of student mathematics achievement and perceived relative standing on BFLPE, a phenomenon of self-concept. Three statistical models were implemented for this study, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), multilevel latent covariate model proposed by Ludtke et al (2008), and a third statistic model, which was consistent with Wang & Bergin (2017), Huguet et al (2009), and Wang (2015). Perceived relative standing served as an additional predictive factor for intra-class mathematics self-concept.
Data analysis revealed that 1) average mathematics self-concept was differed significantly from class to class, 2) mathematics achievement of individual students and class significantly predicted students’ mathematics self-concept, 3) students’ mathematics achievement and perceived relative standing significantly predicted students’ academic self-concept.
The findings of this study and the challenges encountered in the process of writing could serve as a reference guide for future studies. The study results can be served as references for educational administrators, teachers and researchers and other authorities may concerned when implementing their work.
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