The main purpose of this study is to carry out an investigation into the strategy of the division of labor investing in Mainland China by Taiwan's manufacturers across the Taiwan Strait. The results of the research reveal that the motives of Taiwanese manufacturers investing in mainland are market retention and a reduction in production costs, and that the direct investment by Taiwan's industries in the mainland has gradually become localized. According to the division of labor of Taiwanese enterprises operating across the Taiwan Strait, from the viewpoint of manufacturing activities, whilst both vertical and horizontal division of labor exist, we find that more and more manufacturing activities are being transferred to the mainland. Nevertheless, marketing, R&D and other non-manufacturing activities tend to remain in Taiwan. Generally speaking, the profitability of Taiwanese enterprises in the mainland reflects back on the whole dividend of the parent company in Taiwan. We assume that the strategic choices of Taiwanese manufacturers involve the appropriate arrangement of the division of labor and utilization of their comparative advantages in both Taiwan and Mainland China. However, we believe that government intervention is not a good way of helping these enterprises to successfully achieve their targets.