莎莉．曼恩兒童攝影中的母性拜物主義__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	莎莉．曼恩兒童攝影中的母性拜物主義
書刊名：	國立臺灣大學美術史研究集刊
作者：	劉瑞琪
作者(外文)：	Liu, Jui-chi
出版日期：	2004
卷期：	17
頁次：	頁191-226+229
主題關鍵詞：	莎莉．曼恩；兒童；攝影；母性拜物主義；女性主體；觸覺性觀視；Sally Mann；Photography；Children；Tactile gaze；Maternal fetishism；Female subjectivity
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:3 共同引用:6 點閱:87

　　　　　莎莉．曼恩(Sally Mann, 1951-)從1984年至1990年代前期，聚焦於子女宮能性的身體，拍攝了一系列探討母職、童年與再現的攝影作品。本文將從具體的風格與圖像分析出發，佐以曼恩與女兒的言論，以及女性主義理論和攝影理論，來詮釋這些相片所建構的母親/攝影家與女兒的主體性。本文開創性的貢獻，在於從攝影美學、寓言與觀視的角度，詮釋曼恩的母性拜物主義(maternal fetishism)。在攝影美學方面，筆者將援引探討攝影拜物主義的理論，來分析曼恩以攝影紀念性地保存子女消逝的模樣。在寓言的面向，曼恩經常藉攝影來重溫與凝止子女在母體孕育成形的感受，以寓言的手法來展現她的母性拜物主義。在觀視的角度，曼恩還以母親/攝影家特有的觸覺性的觀看方式，營造與子女的形象親密無間的拜物幻想。法國的女性主義者露思．伊希嘉黑(Luce Irigaray)等人提出，女性具親密感與觸覺性的認識論，可以顛覆男性以距離與控制為本的視覺中心認識論，筆者將循這條理論路線詮釋曼恩所展具親密感與觸覺性的母性拜物主義，所建立的母親/攝影家的主體性，以及其顛覆父權社會認識論的力量。筆者也將從視覺分析著手，輔以曼恩的訪談資料，以及精神分析與社會學的理論，進一步演繹：在曼恩觸覺性的觀視之下，她的女兒逐漸學習與展演與親人、事物與自然較為強烈的聯擊感與親密感，形塑了擁有陰性認識論的女性主體。

以文找文

　　　　　Sally Mann’s photographs for her children present the most outstanding photographic performance at the end of the twentieth century in the United States. This article, based on stylistic and iconographic analyses, will compare Sally Mann’s works with related works in the tradition of art photography. By so doing, I will try to decode how Sally Mann negotiates her maternal gaze and how she inscribes special subjectivities of her children within the established artistic tradition and her special historical context. My main innovative perspective is: Sally Mann exhibits a tactile gaze of maternal fetishism in her works. Contemporary feminist scholars have theorized models of female fetishism in order to explore the possibility of women as desiring subjects. Maternal fetishism, one model of female fetishism, means that the mother clings to or creates some fetishes (substitutes) in order disavow the loss of her symbiotic relationship with the child. I proposes that Sally Mann’s photographs of her children are her fetishes to undo her separation with them. This article deals with Sally Mann’s maternal fetishism in three levels. Firstly, the photographic look, from the perspective of Roland Barthes, Christian Merz, and Victor Burgin, is implicated in the structure of fetishism. Secondly, Sally Mann tends to, allegorically, experience the process of (re) producing her children’s bodies through her lens. Most of all, Sally Mann’s fetishistic gaze is embodied by the children’s invitation to touch through exhibiting their close, tactile, and intimate relationship with people, objects, and environment. The girls in her work therefore take on their identity as closer to the senses of touch, proximity, and connectedness. I will also employ theories of the French feminists to argue that women’s close, tactile, and intimate episteme could shatter the power of the male-dominated episteme emphasizing sight, distance, and control.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Metz, Christian(1985)。Photography and Fetish。October，34，81-90。
2.	劉瑞琪(20000600)。女性主義藝術史研究方法論。近代中國婦女史研究，8，195-235。延伸查詢
3.	Woodward, Richard B.(1992)。The Disturbing Photography of Sally Mann。New York Times，29-30。
4.	Mann, Sally(1994)。Blood Ties。Women’s Art Magazine，59，20。
5.	Aletti, Vince(1992)。Child World。The Village Voice，37(21)，106。
6.	(1992)。Letters to the Editor。The New York Times Magazine。
7.	Mann, Sally(1997)。Sexualizing Children: Thoughts on Sally Mann。Salmagundi，114/115，228-230。
8.	Mann, Sally(1997)。An Exchange on ‘Sexualizing Children’。Salmagundi，114/115，228-230。
9.	Steward, James Christen(2000)。The Camera of Sally Mann and the Spaces of Childhood。Michigan Quarterly Review，39(2)，365-375。
10.	Williams, Val(1995)。Fragile Innocence。British Journal of Photography，130，10。
11.	Malcolm, Janet(1994)。The Family of Mann。The New York Review of Books，41，7。
12.	Solnic, Rebecca(1996)。Reviewpiece: Sally Mann。Creative camera，343，38。
13.	Ginsberg, Allen、Richey, Joseph(1990)。The Right to Depict Children in the Nude。Aperture，121，42-45。
14.	Edwards, Susan H.(1994)。Pretty Babies: Art, Erotica, or Kiddie Porn?。History of Photography，18(1)，38-46。
15.	Douglas, Anna(1994)。Childhood: A Molotov Cocktail for Our Time。Women’s Art Magazine，59，14-18。
16.	Apter, Emily(1997)。Just Because Your’re a Man: Maternal Fetishism, Mike Kelley, Mary Kelly, and Sally Mann。Make: The Magazine of Women’s Art，75，3-8。
17.	Mann, Jessie(2001)。Jessie at Eighteen: Daughter, Model, Muse Jessie Mann on Being Photographed。Aperture，162，12-13。
18.	Barnett, Lisa(1999)。Sally Mann。Art Criticism，14(1)，29。
19.	Armstrong, Carol(2000)。From Clementina to K’sebier: The Photographic Attainment of the ‘Lady Amateur’。October，91，122。
20.	Price, Reynolds(1989)。Neighbors and Kin。Aperture Magazine，115，39。
21.	Miller, Chris(1994)。Sally Mann。European Photography，15，64。
22.	Sante, Luc(1995)。The Nude and the Naked。The New Republic，212(18)，34。
23.	Mann, Sally(1995)。Sally Mann: Correspondence with Melissa Harris。Aperture Magazine，138，27-28。
24.	Bernays, Anne(1993)。Art and the Morality of the Artist。The Chronicle of Higher Education，39(20)，B2。
25.	Fletcher, Jane(1998)。The Uncanny Effect of Sally Mann’s Immediate Family。N. Paradoxa，7。
26.	Harris, Melissa(1992)。Truth Told Slant。Artforum international，30，103。

圖書
1.	Benjamin, Walter、Zohn, Harry(1983)。Charles Baudelaire: A Lyric Poet in the Era of High Capitalism。Verso Books。
2.	Irigaray, Luce、Porter, Catherine、Burke, Carolyn(1985)。This Sex Which is Not One。Cornell University Press。
3.	郭力昕(1998)。書寫攝影：相片的文本與文化。台北：元尊文化。延伸查詢
4.	Chodorow, Nancy(1978)。The Reproduction of Mothering: Psycho analysis and the Sociology of Gender。University of California Press。
5.	Lacan, Jacques、Sheridan, Alan(1997)。Ecrits: A Selection。New York：W. W. Norton。
6.	Mann, Sally(1992)。Immediate Family。New York：Aperture。
7.	Barthes, Roland、許綺玲(1995)。明室：攝影札記。臺灣攝影工作室。延伸查詢
8.	Crimp, Douglas(1993)。The Photographic activity of postmodernism。On the Museum's Ruins。Cambridge, M. A. and London。
9.	Owen, Craig(1992)。The discourse of others: Feminists and postmodernism。Beyond Recognition: Representation, Power, and Culture。Berkeley/Los Angeles。
10.	Hirsch, Marianne(1997)。Maternal Exposures。Family Frames: Photography Narrative and Postmemory。Cambridge, Ma/London。
11.	Higonnet, Anne(1998)。Pictures of Innocence: The History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood。Pictures of Innocence: The History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood。London。
12.	Higonnet, Anne(1999)。Conclusions Based on Observation。The Familial Gaze。Hanover/London。
13.	Ehrhart, Shannah(1994)。Sally Mann’s Looking Glass House。Tracing Cultures: Art History, Criticism, Critical Fiction。New York。
14.	Barthes, Roland(1985)。Wilhelm von Gloeden。The Responsibility of Forms: Critical Essays on Music, Art, and Representation。Berkeley。
15.	Mann, Sally(1997)。Sally, Mann, Motherland: Recent Landscapes of Georgia and Virginia。Sally, Mann, Motherland: Recent Landscapes of Georgia and Virginia。New York。
16.	Hall, James(1979)。Dictionary of Subjects and Symbols in Art。New York：Harper & Row Publishers Inc。
17.	Armstrong, Carol(1997)。Cupid’s Pencil of Light: Julia Margaret Cameron and the Maternalization of Photography。October: The Second Decade, 1986-1996。Cambridge, MA。
18.	Burgin, Victor(1982)。Photography, Phantasy, Function。Thinking Photography。Hampshire。
19.	Livingston, Jane(1983)。Second Sight: The Photographs of Sally Mann。Second Sight: The Photographs of Sally Mann。Boston。
20.	George, Alice Rose、Heyman, Abigail、Hoffman, Ethan(1992)。Flesh and Blood: Photographers’ Images of Their Own Families。Flesh and Blood: Photographers’ Images of Their Own Families。New York。
21.	Kelly, Mary(1983)。Post-Partum Document。Post-Partum Document。Berkeley/Los Angeles/London。
22.	Mann, Sally(1994)。Still Time。Still Time。New York。
23.	Smith, Lindsay(1998)。The Politics of Focus: Feminism and Photography Theory。The Politics of Focus: Women, Children, and Nineteenth-century Photography。Manchester/New York。
24.	Irigaray, Luce(1978)。Les femmes, la pornographie, et l’erotisme。Les femmes, la pornographie, et l’erotisme。Paris。
25.	Pollock, Griselda(1988)。Modernity and the Space of Femininity。Vision and Difference: Femininity, Feminism and the Histories of Art。London/New York。
26.	Newhall, Nancy(1984)。Edward Weston and the Nude (1952)。Edward Weston Omnibus: A Critical Anthology。Salt Lake City。
27.	Crimp, Douglas(1993)。The Boys in My Bedroom。The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader。New York/London。
28.	Mavor, Carol(1995)。Pleasures Taken: Performances of Sexuality and Loss in Victorian Photographs。Durham：Duke UP。

圖書論文
1.	Freud, Sigmund(1955)。The Uncanny。The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud。London：The Hogarth P。

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