In recent years, museum evaluations have been increasingly emphasized in Taiwan and overseas, indicating that, in line with social changes, museums need to constantly adapt their functions and operational direction, and, through systems of appraisal, explore the outcomes of their own operations. In the face of this trend, this article adopts the literature review method and concentrates on the overseas experience of Japan. By exploring the findings, from so doing, it attempts to analyze the social and systemic factors surrounding museumsconduct of evaluations, and to explain the factors that determine successful use of evaluation systems. The article first discusses a definition and meaning of “museum evaluation’’. Then it summarizes types of museum evaluation and the operating circumstances to which they are appropriate, with particular explanations of how accreditation systems and systems of evaluation of independent administrative institutions work together. Finally the article sums up the exploration of museum evaluation and suggests factors that might contribute to the successful implementation of museum evaluation schemes.