一個地區的變遷和發展與自然環境因素有關，與生存於該地區的社會人群更是密切相關。人地相互作用，在不同的時空背景環境因素影響之下，會塑造出各種不同型態的空間結構，呈現出各具特色的區域特性，並且在滄海桑田的空間過程中變化不定。而變遷的軌跡，通常會在一些過時地圖上留下紀錄。因此，本文擬以地圖資料，試圖勾勒出台南永康鹽行地區的變遷與發展樣貌。台南永康鹽行地區，一個昔日台灣西南沿海的潟湖「臺江內海」沿岸地方，荷據時期，從原住民的游獵生活領域，轉爲漢人農墾聚落。後來清領初期又因近海、日晒充足且交通便利等條件而發展鹽業，鹽業一度極盛，鹽行聚落也因此得到發展。到了清朝中葉以後，鹽行地區的鹽業則又在臺江浮覆下消失，繁華的鹽行也就沒落漸成寒莊，變成一般內陸聚落。清末、日治以至光復初期，鹽行地區與台灣西南部一般內陸聚落一樣，漸成以蔗糖爲主的農業地區。鹽行莊更在台灣光復次年(1946)，因新化大地震而摧毀，之後，才在縱貫公路兩旁建立新的鹽行聚落。民國六十年代的十大建設之一，國道中山高速公路的興建，在鹽行地區的東邊設有交流道，此一建設又再次扭轉了鹽行地區的發展方向。永康市都市發展計畫，在鹽行地區合理地劃分工業區與住宅區，以及八十年代後期的南部科學園區設立，位於台南市與南部科學園區中問地位的鹽行地區，在聚落、交通、工商各行業得到突破性的發展。

Though the change and development of a region are related to nature factors, people who lived there will be more closely related to. The result of human and natural interaction may form different spatial structure pattern and appear regional aspect in different times and conditions. Through spatial process will present a different picture of the regional aspect in different times. The changes of the times always leave transition tracks on the old map. In this study, we will research the old map to draw a picture of the change and development of Yanhang region in Yong-kang, Tainan. Yan-hang region in Yong-kang, Tainan was a place along the seashore of ancient Tai-jiang coastal lagoon in southwest Taiwan. During the Dutch governed Era, the sphere of hunting activities of the Siraya people were changed farms or villages of Han people. In the early stage of Qing Dynasty, because Yan-hang being near the seashore, plenty of sunshine and convenient transportation promoted the Yan-hang regional salt business. When the salt business rose, the scale of Yan-hang village was expanding, because Tai-jiang coastal lagoon became raised land and the salt business declined in the middle stage of Qing Dynasty, Yan-hang was declining. Since the salt business declined, from the late stage of Qing Dynasty through 1940s, Yan-hang village had became a sugarcane planted village like the other inland villages in southwest Taiwan. The old Yan-hang village had been destroyed by Hsin-hwua earthquake in1946. The new Yan-hang village was constructed along the North-south Highway. Because the Chungshan free way, one of Ten Major Construction Projects in 1790, through east Yan-hang, the developmental direction of Yan-hang has been changed again. Yong-kang urban developmental project, Yan-hang has been reasonably divided into two sections, the industrial district and the residential district. Since Southern Science Industrial Park established in the late 1990s, and Yan-hang region is situated between Tainan city and Southern Science Industrial Park, Yanhang region get a rush development in residence, communication, industry and commerce.