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引文資料
題名:
從越戰爭議看美國女選民聯盟的和平主義、女性主義與公民行動
書刊名:
近代中國婦女史研究
作者:
俞彥娟
作者(外文):
Yu, Yen-chuan
出版日期:
2009
卷期:
17
頁次:
頁67-105
主題關鍵詞:
越戰
;
美國女選民聯盟
;
公民行動
;
女性主義
;
和平主義
;
Vietnam war
;
The league of women voters of the United States
;
Feminism
;
Pacifism
;
Civic action
;
Voluntary associations
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
1
) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:0
共同引用:
1
點閱:33
美國女性長期從女性民間團體(voluntary associations)獲得公民教育和訓練,提昇參政能力和機會。美國女選民聯盟(the League of Women voters, LWV)(下面簡稱「聯盟」)爲歷史悠久且重要的婦女團體,相關研究卻不多。聯盟雖來自第一波婦女運動,但自稱不是女性主義團體,因此要瞭解它,應該超越女性主義婦女史研究框架,觀察其他特性,聯盟的公民行動爲其中最爲重要,是支撐聯盟長期存在的重要基礎。從聯盟的組織架構、運作方式、核心思想和工作哲學,可以初步瞭解女選民聯盟成立的目標和特色。從議題選擇和從事活動,可以看到聯盟的思想傳承和發展方向。從聯盟處理特定議題來觀察,有助於驗證聯盟原則和特色的運作與成效。本文以越戰爭議爲觀察點,檢視聯盟對越戰的回應以及其內部問題。綜觀聯豐的歷史發展,公民行動、女性主義與和平主義爲三個具有代表性的特色。本文將以這三個主題爲架構,首先介紹聯盟的成立與特質;其次說明1960和1970年代聯盟處理越戰爭議的過程;最後分析和平主義、女性主義與公民行動在越戰議題上的展現與意義。
以文找文
In the history of women's political participation in the United States, female voluntary associations have been very important in providing education and training. The League of Women Voters (LWV) is one of these women's organizations. However, it has not received the scholarly attention it deserves. It was founded in 1920 with the goal of educating women to become intelligent and responsible citizens, and it continues to function today. Many historians tend to undervalue the contribution of the League while analyzing it in the framework of contemporary feminism and women's movements. To give the LWV a fair assessment, it is necessary to go beyond this framework and explore other characteristics. In this article, I focus on three themes of the LWV: feminism, pacifism, and civic action. A direct descendent of the leading organization of first wave American women's movement, the National American Woman Suffrage Association, the LWV claimed that its members were feminists, yet it describes itself not as a feminist organization, but a Citizens’ organization. Thus, in addition to tracing the League's feminist tradition and its definition of feminism, it is crucial to understand the League's civic action. Civic action is composed of civic education and advocacy. Based on its core ideas of representative government and the responsibility of individual citizens to be active and informed participants in the democratic process, the LWV educated and trained many committed women to become politically active and influential. Inheriting women's organizations’ tradition of pacifism, the LWV opposed most wars except those of justice and liberation. However, during the Vietnam War (1961-1973) period, the LWV was hesitant to oppose this war. When the controversy of the Vietnam War became intensified in American society, so was the tension between proponents and opponents of taking action to oppose the war inside the League. The analysis of the LWV's response to and the internal debates on the Vietnam War offers an opportunity to examine the characteristics and contributions of the League.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
俞彥娟(20070300)。「每個議題都是女性議題」--美國女選民聯盟的女性主義, 1960-1974。新史學,18(1),121-168。
延伸查詢
2.
Welter, Barbara(1966)。The Cult of True Womanhood, 1820-1860。American Quarterly,18(2),151-174。
3.
Offen, Karen(1988)。Defining Feminism: A Comparative Historical Approach。Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society,14(1),119-157。
4.
Chappell, M.(2002)。Rethinking women‘s politics in the 1970s: The League of Women Voters and the National Organization for Women confront poverty。Journal of Women's History,13(4),155-179。
5.
Baker, Paula(1984)。The Domenstication of Politics: Women and American Political Society, 1780-1920。American Historical Review,89,620-647。
6.
Schlesinger, Arthur(1944)。Biography of a Nation of Joiners。American Historical Review,50(1),1-25。
圖書
1.
Black, Naomi(1989)。Social Feminism。Ithaca, NY:Comell University Press。
2.
Cott, Nancy F.(1987)。The Grounding of Modern Feminism。New Haven, Conn.:Yale University Press。
3.
Cott, Nancy F.(2000)。Public Vows: A History of Marriage and the Nation。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。
4.
Kirkpatrick, Jeane(1974)。Political Women。New York:Basic Book。
5.
Neuman, Nancy M.(1994)。The League of Women Voters: In Perspective 1920-1995。The League of Women Voters: In Perspective 1920-1995。
6.
Stuhler, Barbara(2000)。For the Public Record: A Documentary History of the League of Women Voters。Westport, CT:Greenwood Press。
7.
Young, Louise M.(1989)。In the public interest: The League of Women Voters, 1920-1970。New York, NY:Greenwood Press.。
8.
Scott, Anne Firor(1991)。Natural Allies: Women's Associations in American History。Urbana:University of Illinois Press。
9.
Alonso, Harriet Hyman(1993)。Peace as a Women's Issue: A History of the U. S. Movement for World Peace and Women's Rights。Syracuse, NY。
10.
Chafe, William(1972)。The American Woman: Her Changing Social, Economic, and Political Roles, 1920-1970。New York。
11.
Chafe, William(1977)。Women and Equality: Changing Patterns in American Culture。New York。
12.
Davis, Flora(1999)。Moving the Mountain: The Women's Movement in America Since 1960。New York:Simon & Schuster。
13.
Deslippe, Dennis A.(2000)。“Rights, Not Roses”: Unions and the Rise of Working-Class Feminism, 1945-1980。Urbana。
14.
Gidlow, Liette(2004)。The Big Vote: Gender, Consumer Culture, and the Politics of Exclusion, 1890s-1920s。Baltimore, MD:The Johns Hopkins University Press。
15.
Kaledin, Eugenia(1984)。Mothers and More: American Women in the 1950s。Boston:Twayne Publishers。
16.
Laville, Helen(2002)。Cold War Women: The International Activities of American Women's Organizations。Manchester, UK。
17.
Muncy, Robyn(1991)。Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935。New York:Oxford University Press。
18.
O'Neill, William L.(1969)。Everyone Was Brave: The Rise and Fall of Feminism in America。Chicago。
19.
Paton-Walsh, Margaret(2002)。Our War Too: American Women against the Axis。Lawrence。
20.
Van Voris, Jacqueline(1987)。Carrie Chapman Catt: A Public Life。New York。
21.
Ware, Susan(1981)。Beyond Suffrage: Women in the New Deal。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。
22.
Zaroulis, Nancy and Gerald Sullivan(1984)。Who Spoke Up? American Protest Against the War in Vietnam 1963-1975。Garden City, NY。
23.
Becker, Susan(1983)。International Feminism between the Wars: The National Woman's Party versus the League of Women Voters。Decades of Discontent: The Women's Movement, 1920-1940。Westport, CT。
24.
Berkman, Joyce(1990)。Feminism, War, and Peace Politics: The Case of World War I。Women, Militarism, and War: Essays in History, Politics, and Social History。Savage, MA。
25.
Herring, George C.(1966)。The Vietnam War。Modern American Diplomacy。Wilmington, DE。
26.
Lynn, Susan(1994)。Gender and Progressive Politics: A Bridge to Social Activism of the 1960s。Not June Cleaver: Women and Gender in Postwar America, 1945-1960。Philadelphia。
27.
Ware, Susan(1990)。American Women in the 1950s: Nonpartisan Politics and Women's Politicization。Women, Politics, and Change。New York。
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2.
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