研究目的：老年人因神經肌肉控制能力退化，造成身體無法維持穩定而跌倒，平衡控制需要倚賴感覺、動作及認知系統，本研究以知覺動作訓練介入強化老年人平衡控制能力，並探討有效訓練過期之妥適性。研究方法：研究對象為23位老年人（平均年齡69.5±5.5歲），知覺動作訓練介入12週，每週3次，每次30至40分鐘，於訓練0週、6週、12週執行POSTUROMED(上標 ®)平衡系統檢測，測試五種站立姿勢：睜眼自然站、閉眼自然站、雙腳合併站、雙腳半前後站(semi-tandem)及雙腳前後站(tandem)，以250Hz頻率偵測20秒內身體擺動狀態，分別觀察：橫軸（X軸）、矢狀軸（Y軸）及整體擺動距離。統計使用重複測量變異數分析(repeated measure ANOVA)比較不同訓練週期之成效，並以Tukey HSD多重比較法找出差異組別。結果：本研究發現12週長週期訓練影響平衡控制能力表現較6週訓練改善明顯，於睜眼自然站、閉眼自然站及雙腳合併站之整體、X軸及Y軸擺動距離皆達顯著差異(p<.05)，在雙腳半前後站之整體及Y軸擺動距離達顯著差異(p<.05)，而在雙腳前後站僅呈現Y軸擺動距離顯著影響(p<.05)。結論：對於高齡者而言，長過期知覺動作訓練比短週期知覺動作訓練更能有效提升平衡控制能力。

Purpose: Age-related changes in neuromuscular control contribute to impairments in balance control and increase fall risks in older adults. Maintaining balance is based on the sensor, motor and cognitive system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to detect the effect training period to compare the effects of a long and short training period (six and twelve weeks) on balance control in elderly. Methods: Twenty-three healthy older adults (mean age 69.5±5.5 yr.) performed 30 to 40 minutes sensorimotor training three times per week for 12 weeks. Three parameters about balance were observed including transversal X, sagittal Y and total body sway distance. The postural assessment system (POSTUROMED(superscript ®)) with 250 Hz was used to measure 20 seconds of body sways before, middle and after training (at 0, 6, 12-week). Various Postures were measured including standing naturally with eyes open and closed, standing with feet together as well as standing in a semi-tandem and a tandem stand. For the analysis the SPSS 12.0 statistical software was used; repeated measure ANOVA and Tukey HSD were conducted. Results: The 12-week long training period affected the outcome even more significantly than the 6-week short training period. In comparison with the 6-week training period, subjects decreased their transversal X, sagittal Y and total body sway distance in the natural standing position with eyes open and closed and feet together stand (p<.05). Subjects also decreased their sagittal Y and total body sway distance in the semi-tandem stand (p<.05). The tandem stand, however, only revealed significant difference on the sagittal Y body sway (p<.05). Conclusion: the long period training in elderly has better effects on balance control than the short period training program.