本研究目的在探討心跳生物回饋訓練對空氣手搶射擊選手運動表現、心跳減速及左顳葉區α波功率的影響和保留效果。研究方法以16位男性空氣手搶射擊選手為研究參與者，分為實驗組與控制組各8人，針對實驗組進行每週三次、每次30分鐘，共10週學習控制心跳減速的生物回饋訓練。於訓練前、中、後分別對兩組進行40發空氣槍射擊測驗並同時記錄心跳率，並在後測結束後2週進行保留測驗，腦波資料收集僅於前後測實施。從研究結果發現，相較於控制組，實驗組的心跳減速明顯加大，心跳減速斜率明顯增加，而且射擊表現較好。實驗組在保留測驗時的心跳減速和射擊表現與後測相比並無差異。然而，生物回饋訓練的介入對左顳葉區的α波功率並無產生影響。由此可知，生物回饋訓練確實能擴大運動員的心跳減速現象，並且提升運動表現，而且10週的訓練效果能夠維持至訓練結束後2週；但是心跳生物回饋訓練並不會影響左顳葉區的α波。

This study examined the effect of heart rate (HR) biofeedback training on athletic performance, HR and EEG activity in air pistol shooting. In this study, sixteen male pistol shooters were recruited and evenly assigned into either control or experimental groups. The experimental group received the biofeedback training for 30 minutes each time, 3 times per week for 10 weeks. Shooting performance and heart rate data were collected from both two groups before training, during training (5th and 10th week) and 2-week after the training. Besides, EEG data were recorded before and after the 10-week training. The HR biofeedback training enhanced the HR deceleration and shooting performance in athletes. Furthermore, a retention effect was observed 2-week after the training. However, no association between the HR biofeedback training and the left- temporal alpha power was noticed. The significant effect of 10-week HR biofeedback training on HR deceleration and athletic performance was not only right after the training, but also 2-week after the training. Nevertheless, the effect of HR biofeedback training on shooting performance was not mediated by the change of α at the left temporal brain.