In the Chinese world, the concept of Chinese medicines and foods having the same origin has long been a part of social-cultural thinking. This is because foods and medicines all come from the natural world, and they are frequently used in tandem in our diet, but these concepts also lead to the expectation about the use of foods and medicinal herbs, that they can be both foodstuffs and cure. The disappointing lack of discrimination between foods and medicinal herbs and poor recognition of their actual characteristics regularly leads to misapplication in clinical use. This study attempts to take a common Chinese medicinal material-Tangkuei-as an example to explore the above-mentioned views. In all the past dynasties, this drug is considered not only being the key medicine for women's diseases, but also useful for enriching the blood. It often is used to treat pain and is cooked together with various kinds of foods. Because Tangkuei has therapeutic and dietary characteristics, making a study of it can enable us to gain a good idea about the underlying concepts of foods and Chinese medicines, and help us to see through the mist more clearly. This study shows that the concept of Chinese medicines and foods having the same origin is an inevitable outcome in the development of herbal pharmacology. However, using Chinese medicines and foods for both their medicinal and nutritive properties and misapplication of them are a common phenomenon in medical profession and social behavior. Moreover, the curative ambit of Tangkuei was quite extensive in early days; it was not particularly curative of women's diseases, and not sorted out from food. It can however cure "Qi" stagnation, and make it flow freely, warming the body and invigorating circulation of the blood. By entering the blood, Tangkuei can activate the blood and not merely treat the pain, it can remedy all the diseases conforming to a particular pathological mechanism. Although Tangkuei has good flavor and mild side effects when used in appropriate doses, to medical specialists its indications and contraindications are very clear, and should be complied with strictly.