二十一世紀因科技的發達、交通的便捷、網路與傳播的溝通等因素，致使國家間原本天涯海角的疏遠，瞬間變的親近；甚至國界自動冺除，形成一利害共同體。然而因國家間的技術、文化、價值觀等差異性甚大，在接觸後自然形成優勝劣敗、我贏你輸的慘烈局面。因而有些學者、政府官員、人民在「全球化」潮流的席捲下，仍然堅持舉起「反全球化」的旗幟，並扮演起對抗風車的「唐吉訶德」。當然也有若干兼有良心與務實的國際志工、實踐家，陸續倡議國際組織、生命共同體與世界公民意識等概念；甚至提出應該取代國家、主權的激進主張。在兩種幾近南轅北轍、截然對立的不同看法、主張中，本文試著找出若干理論、實証，以填補其間的鴻溝；甚至找出未來人類發展的可能出路。

Due to advanced technology, convenience of transportation, network communications, dissemination and other factors in twenty-first century; countries' relationships have become close to each other nowadays. And the boundaries between nations have been eliminated and become a community of interest. Nonetheless, due to technology, culture and values between countries still have lots of differences, once when they get contact, it will form a situation of winning-losing or I-win you-lose naturally. As a result, under the drift of Globalization, some scholars, government officials and people still insist on raising Anti-globalization banner, and play the roll of Don Quixote to fight against the windmill. Certainly, there are also several conscientious and pragmatic international volunteers and practitioners continuously to advocate international organizations, community of life, the world citizenship, etc. concepts to replace the state and sovereignty. In these two different ideals and opinions, this paper tries to find out some theories and evidences to fill the gap or even to find out the possible way for development of humanity in the future.