Most societies of the industrialized world have an aging population and as a result are transitioning into service economies; the employment of middle-aged and older workers has become an important labor issue in Europe, the United States, and many industrialized countries in Asia. The main goal of any policy related to the employment of older people is to maintain economic growth and relieve the government of the financial burden unemployed older people create. However, middle-aged workers typically have special requirements based on their individual emotional needs as well as physical and social conditions. The main purpose of such policies should be to assure a reasonable employment policy exists which enables middle-aged workers to work continuously in a safe and healthy environment and be creative, healthy, and productive. However, the rate of employment among middle-aged people in Taiwan is lower than that of many other developed countries. Additionally, few systematic discussions have addressed how Taiwanese middle-aged and older workers interact socially with society and in the workplace or safety/health issues related to the employment of older people. Reviews of both the domestic and international literature and statistical data related to aging workers show that in Taiwan during the last 30 years, the participation rate in age group from 45–49 years in the labor market has increased slightly but such rates have declined in older groups of citizens. The common people of Taiwan have an increased need of employment because of a general improvement in their health as well as their ability to remain fit and healthy; this allows them to work at an older age. Redesigning the workplace environment and analyzing how workplace systems function in the presence of older workers would be critical for appropriate human resource development designed to assist an aging workforce; this will also benefit the future lifestyle and economy of Taiwan and its residents. Recent international literature has indicated the presence of potential and enormous differences in the physical, mental and social changes of individual accompanying the aging process. At the same time, large numbers of aging people will have nearly equal physical and mental capacity. Despite the gradual physical decline which occurs during chronological aging, some mature components of an individual’s mental ability and the training they have received during their life experiences give them improved abilities to observe and also give them sound judgment and self-control, which are beneficial for coping with workplace demands. , An analysis of health and well-being would be an essential part of any efforts to improve the quality of both work and the employment of an aging workforce. Enterprises, NGOs, and health/labor/social welfare departments of central/local government agencies should cooperate to improve aging-friendly work environments and work conditions; this will improve the possibilities of maintaining or even enhancing the knowledge, abilities and life experiences of aging workers as well as demonstrate their competence in the workplace.