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題名:「念佛」的宗教現象/心理分析與現代實踐意涵
書刊名:新世紀宗教研究
作者:陳玉璽
作者(外文):Chen, Yu-hsi
出版日期:2014
卷期:13:1
頁次:頁1-47
主題關鍵詞:念佛不二信心名號即佛神聖示現自他不二神聖象徵Mindfulness of the BuddhaNon-dual faithMystical identity of the Name with the BuddhaHierophanyOntological identity of self-nature and the other powerSacred symbol
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本文從宗教現象/心理分析闡釋「信心」既是嚮往無限神聖力量的自然情懷,又是靈性覺醒的動力,能消除貪瞋習性和痛苦煩惱,引導宗教人進入解脫或救度之門。由此論說「念佛」的信心不應只是追求來生的淨土,更應藉由對神聖他力的絕對信賴而「交付自我」,放下我執和追求之心,讓眾生與佛一體的「不二信心」得以生起,體悟心淨則國土淨,當下安住於自心淨土,才是念佛者的「終極關懷」。開悟聖者的「他力」加持能幫助修行者更快速地證悟解脫,這是佛教與其他修行傳統共同的宗教經驗。但仰仗他力不是否定自力,而是捨棄我執和自力計度的妄心,使彌陀大能不被妄心所干擾,法爾自然地啟發念佛者的佛性潛能及精神能動性去實現生命的解脫或救度,故「他力」其實是「自他不二」。若以為「佛是大智大能而凡夫什麼都不能」,把凡夫與佛對立起來,會導致自我潛能及精神能動性的否定和壓抑,使念佛者無法與佛「會遇」而生起慈悲愛心和真實信心。本文以多重學理論證「名號即佛」的神秘經驗,阿彌陀佛的名號作為「神聖象徵」,含攝佛德佛智的無限潛能,與基督神學的「話語」(Word)凝聚上帝智慧的全體信息一樣,可從宗教現象學者伊利亞德的「神聖示現」理論、密宗原理、京都學派哲學論述以及大乘佛法的本體論去抽絲剝繭,引導修行者如何透過名號與佛「會遇」,體驗阿彌陀佛的大悲大智而達致靈性的轉化。
On the basis of religious phenomenological-psychological analysis, this article expounds faith as man's natural feeling of fascination towards the infinite Divinity, and simultaneously a motivating force of spiritual awakening, capable of eradicating greed, hatred and mental afflictions, thus leading the aspirant to the gate of liberation and/or salvation. From this standpoint we argue that the faith of nienfo (mindfulness of the Buddha) should not only be directed towards the Pure Land after life, but more importantly towards the pure land here and now by virtue of absolute trust in and self-surrender to the sacred Other Power. Called the "ultimate concern" of the "nienfo" practitioner, this is achieved by letting go the neurotic complex of self-preoccupation and craving for gains, so as to arouse "non-dual faith," which is the awakening that sentient beings and the Buddha are one, and in which purity of the mind is experienced as purity of the sinful world.It is a shared religious experience of Buddhism and other spiritual traditions that empowering from an enlightened Other Power can facilitate the process of enlightenment and liberation. But reliance on the Other Power does not imply a denial of self power, but rather the surrendering of self-willed calculations to make room for the omnipotent Amitabha Buddha to spontaneously inspire the infinite potentialities and initiatives of our Buddha nature for the purpose of spiritual liberation and/or salvation. Hence the Other Power is ontologically identical to the self-power. If the aspirant erroneously thinks that "the Buddha is all-knowing and all-powerful while we ignorant sentient beings are impotent," thus setting sentient beings in opposition to the Buddha, this misconception can lead to the denial and suppression of our potentialities and initiatives, making it impossible to "encounter" with the Buddha and arouse the heart of love and compassion as well as true faith.Using multi-theoretical expositions, this article seeks to interpret the mystical identity of the Name with the Buddha. That the Name of Amitabha Buddha as a sacred symbol embodies the infinite potentialities of the Buddha's wisdom, merits and virtues is analogous to the assertion of Christian theology that the Word (Logos) epitomizes the total message of wisdom of God. We delineate this mysticism by applying the theory of "hierophany" as expounded by Mircea Eliade, Buddhist esoteric doctrine, the philosophical discourse of Kyoto School and the Mahayana Buddhist ontology on Ultimate Reality, showing aspirants how to "encounter" with the Buddha through the Name and experience His great wisdom and compassion so that spiritual transformation can be actualized.
期刊論文
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2.Paraskevopoulos, John。The Nembutsu as Great Practice。Muryoko: Journal of Shin Buddhism。  new window
3.游淙祺(19981000)。宗教現象學:其緣起、發展及困境。哲學雜誌,26,24-43。  延伸查詢new window
4.潘桂明(19990700)。李通玄的東方智慧論--「新華嚴經論」札記。中華佛學學報,12,377-391。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.Paraskevopoulos, John。Amida's Dharma in the Modern World。The Eleventh Biennial Conference of the International Association of Shin Buddhist Studies。  new window
圖書
1.一遍上人、慧淨法師(2004)。念佛金言錄。台北:淨土宗文教基金會。  延伸查詢new window
2.印光大師(1991)。印光大師文鈔菁華錄。高雄:文殊講堂。  延伸查詢new window
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9.釋慧淨、釋淨宗(2013)。淨土宗聖教集。台北:淨土宗出版社。  延伸查詢new window
10.親鸞大師、慧淨法師(1997)。教行信證。台北:本願山彌陀淨舍。  延伸查詢new window
11.Blofeld, John(1970)。The Tantric Mysticism of Tibet。E.P. Dutton & Co.。  new window
12.Fromm, Erich(1955)。The Sane Society。NY:Holt, Henry & Co.。  new window
13.Park, Sung-Bae(1983)。Buddhist Faith and Sudden Enlightenment。Albany, NY:State University of New York Press。  new window
14.Otto, Rudolf(1973)。The Idea of the Holy。Oxford University Press。  new window
15.Fromm, Erich(2006)。The Art of Loving。NY:Harper Collins。  new window
16.Moacanin, Radmila、江亦麗(1994)。榮格心理學與西藏佛教。台北:台灣商務。  延伸查詢new window
17.印順(2000)。淨土與禪。新竹:正聞出版社。  延伸查詢new window
18.Schleiermacher, Friedrich、Mackintosh, H. R.、Stewart, J. S.(1963)。The Christian Faith。New York:Harper and Row。  new window
19.呂大吉(1998)。宗教學通論新編。中國社會科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
20.Tillich, Paul、魯燕萍(1994)。信仰的動力。桂冠。  延伸查詢new window
21.Eliade, Mircea、楊素娥、胡國楨(2001)。聖與俗--宗教的本質。桂冠。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.毛凌雲。念佛法要,http://www.ucchusma.net/samanta/pure_land/chr/8/chr8_8.htm。  new window
2.心蓮居士。善導大師所說的雜毒之善與機之深信,http://www.ucchusma.net/samanta/pure_land/chr/6/chr6_7.htm。  延伸查詢new window
3.溫宗堃。世親《淨土論》的淨土思想及其禪修實踐之研究,http://www.yinshun.org.tw/91thesis/91-02.html。  延伸查詢new window
4.慧廣法師。《信心銘》釋義,http://www.a112.com/1-poem/a06.htm。  延伸查詢new window
5.Schleiermacher, Friedrich(1799)。Addresses on Religion,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schleiermacher。  new window
圖書論文
1.印順(1993)。往生淨土論講記。華雨集。台北:正聞出版社。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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