本文探討現代中國回民知識份子國民外交的變遷與脈絡。國民外交是民間人 士與團體代替政府展開的外交活動。中國回教救國協會向中東等穆斯林聚集地派遣了訪問團，其主要目的是宣傳抗日活動以及募捐戰時費用等。日本投降以後，國民外交的性質因政治趨勢而改變，海峽兩岸的回民團體各自展開國民外交，以爭取自己的正統性。2000 年代後期以後，海峽兩岸的緊張有所緩和，其國民外交的方式也隨之產生很大的變化。

This paper investigates the changes and the context of the national diplomacy undertaken by Muslim intellectuals. National diplomacy is a particular kind of diplomacy undertaken by private individuals and organizations, to some degree replacing the government’s role in diplomacy. The Chinese Muslim Salvation Association sent delegations to the Middle East and India for the purpose of mounting propaganda against Japan. After World War II, the nature of national diplomacy underwent changes because of the shift in the international political situation. That is to say, Muslim groups on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, whilst assuming responsibility for national diplomacy, competed for the legitimacy of their respective regimes. But since the China-Taiwan détente that has prevailed in cross-strait relations since the late 2000s, the patterns of national diplomacy by both regimes have undersore substantial changes .