圖書館績效評估是圖書館整體品質管理的一環，藉由任務與目標的制定，研擬資源分配與行動方案，再運用績效評估衡量行動方案的成果是否契合任務與目標。近年來，由於政經社會環境的改變，民眾、社區與政府皆要求公共圖書館展現其營運成效，是以公共圖書館績效評估愈形重要。本文闡述圖書館績效評估的定義，再介紹德國、美國、以及我國實施之公共圖書館績效評估相關計畫；最後，則說明從投入、產出層面的績效評估進展到成效評估。

Performance evaluation is a part of quality management for any organization. Specifically, a library defines her missions and goals first; draws up her resource allocation and action plans accordingly; then exploits performance evaluation to measure if the achievement of her plans meets her missions and goals. Recently, due to the change in political, economic and societal environment, general public, communities, and governments require public libraries to present their achievement; therefore, performance measurement is increasingly important. This article explicates the definition of performance measurement, introduces related projects conducted in Germany, USA, and Taiwan. Finally, it describes outcome measurement.