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題名：從組織運作探討臺灣制度化公民新聞的發展：以四家臺灣新聞組織為例
書刊名：新聞學研究
作者：林宇玲 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lin, Yu-ling
出版日期：2015
卷期：123
頁次：頁91-143
主題關鍵詞：公民新聞學；制度化公民新聞學；專業實踐；媒體守門；匯流文化；Citizen journalism；Convergence culture；Institutional citizen journalism；Media gate-keeping；Professional practices
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 共同引用共同引用:11
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本文採用多元方法檢視四家不同經營型態的新聞組織，如何發展公民新聞平臺或服務。結果發現，新聞組織的結構因素（如：媒體定位、所有權、經營型態、人員編制等），會影響公民新聞平臺的設計（包含生產方式和管理機制）與運作。表面上，四家平臺不論規模大小，都符合公民新聞的理念－公民記者享有媒體近用權和言論自由，不需經過編輯審查便能發文。但從實際運作來看，公民新聞和專業新聞仍有所區隔；公民新聞一旦要進入專業領域，仍須通過編輯的控制過程。此外，平臺也試圖利用各種手段（如：教育培訓、物質獎勵等），以隱微的方式影響公民記者的表現。是以，公民記者在新聞組織內發展公民新聞學，在某種程度上仍須受制於組織的「品牌」和制度化的程序。
This study adopts multiple methods to examine four different-operated citizen websites of news organizations in Taiwan, in order to understand the development of institutional citizen journalism. It finds that structural factors of news organizations (such as orientation of the company, ownership, production model, staffing, etc.) will affect the design and operation of citizen websites. On the surface, no matter what size of company, four news organizations accord with the ideal of citizen journalism- citizens have the right of access to media and the freedom of expression, they allow citizen journalists to publish their news without editorial review. Based on the actual operation, news organizations separate the citizen journalism from professional journalism; once entering the professional field, citizenproduced news is still edited by professional editors. Moreover, news organizations also try to use a variety of means (e.g., education training, incentives, etc.) as implicit ways to affect the performance of citizen reporters. Therefore, the development of citizen journalism within a news organization, citizen reporters are to some extent still subject to the ＂brand＂ of and institutional procedures of the organization.
期刊論文
1.Thurman, N.(2008)。Forums for citizen journalists? Adoption of user generated content initiatives by online news media。New Media & Society，10(1)，139-157。  new window
2.Reese, Stephen D.(2001)。Understanding the Global Journalist: A Hierarchy-of-Influences Approach。Journalism Studies，2(2)，173-187。  new window
3.Domingo, D.、Quandt, T.、Heinonen, A.、Paulussen, S.、Singer, J. B.、Vujnovic, M.(2008)。Participatory journalism practices in the media and beyond: An international comparative study of initiatives in online newspapers。Journalism Practice，2(3)，326-342。  new window
4.Chang, Woo-Young(2005)。The internet, alternative public sphere and political dynamism: Korea's non-gaek (polemist) websites。The Pacific Review，18(3)，393-415。  new window
5.Haas, T.(2005)。From "Public Journalism" to the "Public's Journalism"? Rhetoric and reality in the discourse on weblogs。Journalism Studies，6(3)，387-396。  new window
6.Robinson, S.(2006)。The mission of the j-blog-Recapturing journalistic authority online。Journalism，7(1)，65-83。  new window
7.Bruns, A.(2003)。Gatewatching, not gatekeeping: Collaborative online news。Media International Australia，107(1)，31-44。  new window
8.Deuze, M.(2006)。Ethnic media, community media and participatory culture。Journalism，7(3)，262-280。  new window
9.Domingo, D.(2008)。Interactivity in the daily routines of online newsrooms: Dealing with an uncomfortable myth。Journal of Computer-mediated Communication，13(3)，680-704。  new window
10.Ekstrom, M.(2002)。Epistemologies of TV journalism: A theoretical framework。Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism，3(4)，259-282。  new window
11.Erdal, I. J.(2011)。Coming to terms with convergent journalism: Cross-media as a theoretical and analytical concept。Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies，17(2)，213-223。  new window
12.Evetts, Julia(2006)。Short note: The sociology of professional groups: New directions。Current Sociology，54(1)，133-143。  new window
13.Fuchs, C.(2010)。Alternative media as critical media。European Journal of Social Theory，13(2)，173-192。  new window
14.Goode, L.(2009)。Social news, citizen journalism and democracy。New media & Society，11，1287-1305。  new window
15.Keith, S.(2011)。Shifting circles: Reconceptualizing Shoemaker and Reese's theory of a hierarchy of influences on media content for a newer media era。Web Journal of Mass Communication Research，29。  new window
16.Kern, Thomas、Nam, Sang-hui(2008)。The making of a social movement: Citizen journalism in South Korea。Current Sociology，57(5)，637-660。  new window
17.Kperogi, F. A.(2011)。Cooperation with the corporation? CNN and the hegemonic cooptation of citizen journalism through iReport.com。New Media & Society，13(2)，314-329。  new window
18.Lewis, S. C.、Kaufhold, K.、Lasorsa, D. L.(2010)。Thinking about citizen journalism: The philosophical and practical challenges of user-generated content for community newspapers。Journalism Practice，4(2)，163-179。  new window
19.Matheson, D.(2004)。Negotiating claims to journalism: Webloggers' orientation to news genres。Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies，10(4)，33-54。  new window
20.Nip, J. Y. M.(2006)。Exploring the second phase of public journalism。Journalism Studies，7(2)，212-236。  new window
21.Palmer, L.(2012)。"iReporting" an uprising: CNN and citizen journalism in network culture。Television & New Media，14(5)，367-385。  new window
22.Pantti, M.、Bakker, P.(2009)。Misfortunes, memories and sunsets: Non-professional images in Dutch news media。International Journal of Cultural Studies，12(5)，471-489。  new window
23.Paulussen, S.、Heinonen, A.、Domingo, D.、Quandt, T.(2007)。Doing it together: Citizen participation in the professional news making process。Observatorio，3，131-154。  new window
24.Paulussen, S.、Ugille, P.(2008)。User generated content in the newsroom: Professional and organizational constraints on participatory journalism。Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture，5(2)，24-41。  new window
25.Williams, A.、Wardle, C.、Wahl-Jorgensen, K.(2011)。"Have they got news for us?" Audience revolution or business as usual at the BBC?。Journalism Practice，5(1)，85-99。  new window
26.胡元輝(20120700)。新聞作為一種對話--臺灣發展非營利性「協作新聞」之經驗與挑戰。新聞學研究，112，31-76。new window  延伸查詢new window
27.管中祥(20081200)。公共電視的新媒體服務：PeoPo公民新聞的傳播權實踐。廣播與電視. 政大，29，85-112。new window  延伸查詢new window
28.Deuze, Mark、Bruns, Axel、Neuberger, Christoph(2007)。Preparing for an age of participatory news。Journalism Practice，1(3)，322-338。  new window
29.Tilley, E.、Cokley, J.(2008)。Deconstructing the discourse of citizen journalism: Who says what and why it matters。Pacific Journalism Review，14(1)，94-114。  new window
30.Breed, W.(1955)。Social control in the newsroom: A functional analysis。Social Forces，33(4)，326-335。  new window
31.Vujnovic, M.、Singer, J. B.、Paulussen, S.、Heinonen, A.、Reich, Z.、Quandt, T.、Hermida, A.、Domingo, D.(2010)。Exploring the political-economic factors of participatory journalism: Views of online journalists in 10 countries。Journalism Practice，4(3)，285-296。  new window
會議論文
1.林惠琴(2010)。從公民新聞平台的守門機制看公民新聞的實踐：以南韓OhmyNews與國內PeoPo公民新聞平台為例。2010中華傳播學會年會暨第四屆數位傳播國際學術研討會，(會議日期: 2010年7月4日)。台北。  延伸查詢new window
2.王贈凱(2009)。公視PeoPo公民新聞網站使用與滿足研究。2009傳播管理學術研討會。台北：銘傳大學傳播管理研究所。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.王晴玲(2008)。公民新聞的在地實踐--公視PeoPo新聞平台公眾參與及多元報導研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學，台北市。  延伸查詢new window
2.邱千瑜(2008)。新媒體閱聽人、公民新聞與公共媒體--新媒體使用者如何看待PeoPo公民新聞平台(碩士論文)。國立中正大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.劉亮君(2010)。公民新聞報導主題暨新聞價值之分析--以PeoPo、WEnews平台為例(碩士論文)。世新大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.薛琬臻(2011)。PeoPo公民新聞平台的公共領域實踐：PeoPo與四大報紙之報導的內容比較分析(碩士論文)。南華大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.Haikonen, A.(2008)。'Have your say': Interactivity as a professional value in the BBC radio programming(碩士論文)。University of Tampere。  new window
6.Kperogi, F. A.(2011)。Webs of resistance: The citizen online journalism of the Nigerian digital diaspora(博士論文)。Georgia State University。  new window
7.葉韋均(2010)。公民新聞的專業再現--公視「PeoPo公民新聞報」個案研究(碩士論文)。輔仁大學，新北市。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.McQuail, D.(2005)。McQuail's Mass Communication Theory。London：Sage Publications。  new window
2.Bowman, S.、Willis, C.(2003)。We media: How audiences are shaping the future of news and journalism。The Media Center at the American Press Institute。  new window
3.Gillmor, Dan(2006)。We the media: Grassroots journalism by the people, for the people。O'Reilly Media, Inc。  new window
4.Shoemaker, Pamela J.、Reese, Stephen D.(1996)。Mediating the Message: Theories of Influences on Mass Media Content。Longman。  new window
其他
1.朱立熙(2006)。0hmynews發刊辭，http://www.rickchu.net/detail.php?rcid=1330&rcstid=14。  new window
2.Banda, F.(2010)。Citizen journalism and democracy in Africa--An exploratory study，http://www.highwayafrica.com/media/Citizen_Joumalism_and_Democracy_Book.pdf， 2011/11/25。  new window
3.Outing, S.(2005)。The 11 layers of citizen journalism，http://www.poynter.org/uncategorized/69328/the-11-layers-of-citizen-iournalism/。  new window
圖書論文
1.黃惠英(2011)。社群培力與公民新聞實踐。新聞的公共性與科技文化。台北市：風雲出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Cottle, S.(2003)。Media organization and production: Mapping the field。Media organization and productio。London：SAGE。  new window
3.Jones, J.(2010)。Changing auntie: A case study in managing and regulating user-generated news content at the BBC。Web journalism: A new form of citizenship?。Brighton：Sussex。  new window
4.Shoemaker, P. J.、Vos, T. P.、Reese, S. D.(2008)。Journalists as gatekeepers。Handbook of journalism studies。New York, NY：Routledge。  new window
 
 
 
 
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