As a result of heavy rainfall, steep topography, young and weak geological formations, earthquakes, loose soils, slope land cultivation and other human disturbance, much area in Taiwan are prone to the occurrence of disastrous mass movements such as landslides and sediment disasters. During recent years, the extreme rainfall events brought huge amounts of rainfall and triggered severe changes in watershed environments. Typhoon Morakot in August 2009 brought amazing rainfall, cumulative Chiayi County, Kaohsiung County, Pingtung County mountainous maximum rainfall of up to 2,900 mm or more. Nantou, Tainan and Pingtung three counties rainfall over 1,500 mm, thus causing severe landslides, debris flow, flooding and sediment related disasters were induced by this heavy rainfall event. In this thesis, the study area is the Zengwen reservoir watershed. The study will use HEC-RAS 4.1 and FLO-2D numerical model to find the separating location between erosion and deposition, evaluate influence area of riverbank evaluation, and analyze the safety of Cha-San Village under peak flow of 25-year, 50-year, 100-year return period and Typhoon Morakot. The results show that the simulation can provide some guideline for designing evacuation route and prevention facilities.