In 1985, Intalian Government implemented a 「 New Program 」 for elementary education. Among other things, 「 Sound and Music Education 」 was used to replace traditional 「 Music Education 」. This study introduces the basic principles of sound and music education. It aims to improve music education in the nation. The contents of sound and music education in Italian elementary schools include non-aesthetic sound and music. That enlarges the extent with sound application in the environment, not restricts it in aesthetic sound-music. Based on semiology, communication theories, and today's information era, 「 sound 」 is considered one manner of human communication. Music education in elementary schools can help children to develop their ability of using sound language and understanding the relationship among sound, environment, history and culture. So they can adjust to the flourishing society. Compared with traditional music education, sound and music education includes not only its original contents and basic theories, but also kinds of sound of nature and non-aesthetic information. The goals of sound and music education are as follows: to sense sound by listening and feeling; to transmit messages with various sounds. So its contents are more abundant, comprehensive and flexible. Language has grammar; and grammar can be taught. Therefore, proper education can promote the ability of sound sense. Sound and music education has the systematic principles of listening sound, distinguishing sound and making sound. The ability of making sound, understanding its information, and performance is considered basic element of sound and music education. Based on its components, sound and music education is a complete and viable idea. This study will provide a new direction for developing music educatino in the nation.