五四新文化運動是一個"會合的歷史運動",也是一個有中心主旨并自具體相的運動。一個同質性的五四形象,既是在無意中形成,也包括時人和后人的構建。從相對宏觀的視角觀察辛亥革命與新文化運動的關聯,探索后者究竟是外來沖擊的反應還是自我的覺醒,并考察民初新舊之爭怎樣發展為向"文化"開戰、一體兩面的正本清源努力如何兼容破壞與建設,以及學生運動與新文化運動的相互影響等面相,進而從后五四時代的認知去檢視新文化運動的遺產,可以看出五四已成為新文化運動的標識。

The May Fourth New Culture Movement was a"converged historical movement;"it was also a movement with its central agenda and its own representation.A homogeneous profile of"May Fourth"was formed unconsciously by the construction of contemporaries and later generations.From a relatively macro perspective,this research observes the relationship between the 1911 Revolution and the New Culture Movement and investigates whether the New Culture Movement was response to outside impact or spontaneous awakening.It also examines various aspects of this movement,such as how the conflict between the new and the old in the early Republican period developed into a battle against"culture,"how the efforts to clean up the intellectual tradition included both disruption and construction,and how the student movement and the New Culture Movement influenced each other.From the viewpoint of the post-May Fourth era to scrutinize the legacy of the New Culture Movement,this research argues that May Fourth has become the symbol of the New Culture Movement.