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題名:孟德斯鳩的“社會”:不同於現代自然法傳統的努力
書刊名:社會學研究
作者:楊璐
作者(外文):Yang, Lu
出版日期:2015
卷期:2015(2)
頁次:214-241+246
主題關鍵詞:社會自然法民情道德自由
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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面對近代以來目的論的自然秩序的瓦解,早期社會思想家們都在努力探索另一種可能的秩序。政體、民情、法律與人性諸因素如何相互配合,構成現代秩序的基礎,是孟德斯鳩不斷討論的主題。本文認為,孟德斯鳩的社會思想一方面繼承現代自然法傳統通過自然為社會生活提供確定性的努力,另一方面卻不再訴諸人的本性,而是探究社會的本性,即社會各要素的整體關聯。孟德斯鳩試圖在這種關聯中實現現代道德處境下的自由,而這恰恰是社會學關心的原初問題。對孟德斯鳩"社會"概念的重新闡述,有助于重拾早期現代社會的實質問題,為理解當下政治與社會的種種問題提供某種線索。
Facing the breakdown of physical order of teleology in modern times,early thinkers were endeavoring to find another possible order for early modern society.The theme Montesquieu continued researching was the necessary relations of government,moeurs,law,human nature and other factors.This paper argues that on the one hand Montesquieu inherited the natural law as the supreme law for social life,on the other hand,he constantly explored the nature of society,namely the relations of all kinds of social factors,as the foundation of modern western autonomic society.Montesquieu held the belief that liberty consisted in the positive laws,which were based on the natural order of things.Under the scrutiny of Montesquieu’s Society,we can enhance our knowledge of the substantive issues of sociology,acquiring some clues for the nature of problems in today’s society.
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