一､中文文獻
王榮春、陳彰儀（2003）•部屬觀點之領導互動論：部屬對主管領導行為的知覺因素與互動內涵初探•應用心理研究，20（冬），181-215。
吳洛（2001）•中國度量衡史•台北：台灣商務印書館。
邱皓政(2003)•結構方程式：LISREL的理論、技術與應用•台北：雙葉
金耀基(1992)•中國社會與文化•香港 : 牛津大學出版社。
凌文輇（2000）•中國文化與華人組織的領導•本土心理學研究•13，195-202。
凌文輇、方俐洛、Aiki,& Khanna(1991)•內隱領導理論的中國研究─與美國的研究進行比較•心理學報(北京)，3期，236-242。
孫震(2003)•人生在世：善心•公益與制度•台北•聯經。
徐瑋伶、鄭伯壎、黃敏萍(2002)•華人企業領導人的員工歸類與管理行為•本土心理學研究期刊，18，51-94。
張志學(2001)•人情在中國人社會互動中的表現：一項關鍵事件的研究〉。載楊中芳（主編）•中國人的人際關係、情感與信任。台灣：遠流出版公司。
張建新、張妙清、梁覺（2000）•殊化信任與泛化信任在人際信任行為路徑模型中的作用•心理學報，32（3），311-316。
戚樹誠（1996）•企業親信角色之實證研究•中山管理評論，4（1），1-15。
戚樹誠、林行宜（1994）•企業高階主管親信關係之研究•管理科學學報，11（2），218-312。
戚樹誠、羅新興、黃敏萍（1998）•組織成員的人際信任與言論禁忌之關連性—以國軍軍官為研究樣本•台大管理論叢，9（1），177-200。
陳介玄、高承恕（1991）•台灣關係運作的社會秩序；人情關係與法律•東海學報，32，219-232。
陳坤宏（2001）•空間結構理論與方法，台北，明文。
陳順宇（2000）•多變量分析，台北，華泰。
彭泗清、楊中芳(1999)•人際交往關係的影響因素與發展過程，本土心理學研究，12，91-312。
曾信超（1994）•技術之移轉、擴散與交流的探討•中山管理評論，2（4），111-133。
曾信超（1995）•技術交流之推拉模式•管理科學學報，12（1），23-41。
曾信超、陳彩鳳（2006）．女性主管可信特質量表建構-跨層級樣本之因素恆等性檢驗．經營與管理學術研討會，長榮大學。
費孝通 (1985)•鄉土中國•北 京 ： 三 聯 書 店 。
黃少華、陳文江（2002）。重塑自我的遊戲：網路空間的人際交往。南華大學社會學研究所出版。
黃光國(1988)•人情與面子：中國人的權力遊戲•見黃光國(編)•中國人的權力遊戲• 台北：巨流圖書公司。
黃應貴(1995)•空間、力與社會•中央研究院民族學研究所。
楊中芳（2001）•人際關係與人際情感的概念化•載楊中芳（主編）•中國人的人際關係、情感與信任。台灣：遠流出版公司。
楊中芳、彭泗清（2001）•人際信任的構念化；ㄧ個人際關係的觀點•載楊中芳（主編）•中國人的人際關係、情感與信任。台灣：遠流出版公司。
楊君琦（2002）•技術轉移專案成員非正式互動與資源交換關係之研究─信任觀點•2002中華民國科技管理研討會─知識創新•論文集（上），13-20。
楊國樞(1993)•中國人的社會取向：社會互動的觀點•見楊國樞、余安邦(主編)•中國人的心理與行為-理念及方法篇(1992)• 台北：桂冠圖書公司。
劉兆明(1996)•組織中的情感報：初示的觀點分析•應用心理學報•5，1-34
劉兆明(2005)•華人的工作動機與態度•於楊國樞、黃光國、楊中芳主編(2005)•華人本土心理學(下)•遠流。
鄭仁偉、杜啟華、潘思云(2000)•知覺值得信任、信任行為與組織間工作績效、工作滿意度的關係研究-以我國保險公司與保險輔助人為例。商學學報，6月，293-320。
鄭伯壎(1995)•差序格局與華人組織行為•本土心理學研究，3，142-219。
鄭伯壎（2001）•企業組織中上下屬的信任關係•載於楊中芳（主編），中國人的人際關係、情感與信任─一個人際交往的觀點•台北：遠流。
鄭伯壎、周麗芳、樊景立（2000）•家長式領導：三元模式的建構與測量•本土心理學研究•14，3-64。
鄭伯壎、姜定宇（2000）•華人組織中的主管忠誠：主位與客位概念對員工效能的效果•本土心理學研究•14，65-113。
鄭伯壎、黃敏萍(2003)•華人企業組織中的領導•於楊國樞、黃光國、楊中芳主編：華人本土心理學(下)•遠流
嚴奇峰（1992）•心理定位理論—國民性格之探討及其在管理上的涵意•行政院國家科學委員會專題研究。
嚴奇峰、廖本哲（1995）•人際關係對本土個人交易行為影響之研究—社會交易潛在價值與經濟交易潛在價值之決策權衡模式•中原學報•23（2），35-42。
二､翻譯文獻
Cairncross, F.（1999）•地球零距離（黃喻麟譯）•台北：新新聞。（原著出版年：1998）
Davis(1998)•交換(敖軍譯)•台北•桂冠。(原著出板年：1992)
Gilder,G.（2002）.電訊狂潮-無限寬頻如何改變世界（賴柏洲、戚瑞國譯）•台北：先覺。（原著出版年：2000）
Waters, M.（2000）.全球化（徐偉傑譯）•台北：弘智。（原著出版年：1995）
三､英文文獻
Allen, T.J. ,& Fusfeld, A.（1974）.Optimal height for a research laboratory. Working Paper,No.669,Cambridge：M.I.T.S School of Management.
Allen, T.J. (1988).Managing the flow of technology. Cambridge MA: M.I.T. Press.
Ammeter, A. P. (1998). When to trust, when to measure: capturing the dynamic nature of interpersonal trust. Paper present at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting. San Diego.
Antonakis, J., & Atwater, L. (2002). Leader distance: A review and a proposed theory. Leadership Quarterly, 13 (6), 673-704.
Argyle, M. (1991). Cooperation: The Basis of Sociability. London: Routledge.
Argyris, C. (1957). Personality and organization: The conflict between system and the individual. New York: Harper & Brothers.
Avolio, B. J., Zhu, W., Koh, W, & Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: mediating rate of psychological empowerment and moderating rate of structural distance. Journal of Organizatinal Behavior, 25. 951-968.
Barber, B. (1983). The logic and limits of trust. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Barkhi, R., Jacob, V. S., Pipino, L. & Pirkul, H. (1998). A study of the effect of communication channel and authority on group decision process and outcomes. Decision Support Systems. 23,205-226.
Barling & MacEwen, 1991.Materal employment experiences,attention problems and behavioral performance:A medicational model. Journal of Organizational Behavior UOL.12,495-505.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1989). Manual: The multifactor leadership questionare. Palo Alto, A : Consulting Psychologists Press Inc.
Bass, B. M. (1998). Transformational leadership: Individual, military and educational impact. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Bass, B.M.(1985). Ledership and performance beyong expections. New York Press.
Bass, B. M., Klauss, R., & DeMarco, J. J.(1977). Factors influenceing communication style（Tech. Rep. No.4）. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University.
Bass, B.M., & Yammarino, F.J. (1991). Congruence of self and others'' leadership ratings of naval offers for understanding successful performance. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 40, 437-454.
Bateman, T. S., & Organ, D. W. (1983). Job satisfaction and good soldier ：The relationship between affect and employee ‘citizenship. Academy of Management Journal, 26,587-595.
Bauer, T. N., & Green, S. G. (1996). The development of leader-member exchange: A longitudinal test. Academy of Management Journal, 39(6), 1538-1567.
Bauman Z. (1998). Globalization：The Human Consequences.
Beccerra, M., & Gupta, A. K. (1999). Trust within the organization: Integrating the trust literature with agency theory and transaction cost economics. Public Administration Quarterly, 23 (2), 177-203.
Becerra, M., & Gupta, A.K. (2003). Perceived trustworthiness within the organization: The moderating impact of communication frequency on trustor and trustee effects. Organization Science. 14, 1: 32-44.
Black, B.R. & Mouton, J.S. (1985). The managerial grid III. Houston, TX Gulf.
Borchgrevink, C. P., & Boster, F. J. (1997). Leader-member exchange development: a hospitality antecedent investigation. The International Journal of Hospitality Management, 16(3), 241-259.
Brockner, J., Siegel, P. A., Daly, J. P., Tyler, T., & Martin, C. (1997). When trust matters: The moderating effect of outcome favorability. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(3), 558-583.
Browne,M.W.,& Cudeck, R.(1993).Alternative ways of assessing model fit In K.A. Bollen & J.S. Long(Eds) Testing structural equation models .Newbury Park,C.A.:Sage.
Bulter, J. K. ,& Cantrell, R. S. (1984). A beharvioral decision theory approach to modeling dyadic trust in superiors and subordinates. Psychological Reports. 55,19-28.
Bulter, J. K. (1991). Towards understanding and measuring conditions of trust: Evolution of a condition of trust inventory. Journal of Management, 17, 643-663.
Burt,R.S.&Knez,M.(1996) Trust and third-party gossip in R. M. Kramer & T. R.Tylor(EDS) Trust in organizations.Thousand Oaks,CK:Sage Publicatus.
Busch,P and T.Wilson ,D.T(1976),An experimental analysis of a salesman’s expert and referent bases of social power in the buyer-seller dyad, Journal of Marketing Research,13 ,3-11.
Carnevale, D. G. (1995). Trustworthy government: Leadership and management strategies for building trust and high performance. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Chatman, J. A. (1989). Improving interactional organizational research: a model of person-organization fit. Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 333-349.
Chen, G., & Bliese, P. D. (2002). The role of different levels of leadership in predicting self and collective efficacy: Evidence for discontinuity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 549-556.
Cherry, B.W. (2000). The antecedents of trust in a manage: the subordinate tells the
story of time. A dissertation for the degree of doctor of philosophy with a major in management in the graduate college: the University of Arizona. Bell & Howell Information and Learning. Chicago Press. Chicago.
Chidam, L., & Jones. B.(1993). Impact of communication medium and computer support on group perceptions and performance: A comparison of face-to-face and dispersed meetings, MIS Quarterly, 17(4), 465-491.
Chiu, C.（1989）.Procedural justice and interactional contexts in Chinese society. Unpublished Manuscript. Hong Kong University.
Clark, H. ,& Brennan. S. (1990). Grounding communication. In L. Resnick, J. Lerine & S. Teaslery (eds) Perspectives on socially shared cognition Washington. D. C. APA Press.
Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1987). Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), 637-647.
Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfillment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53, 39-52.
Crouch, A. & Yetton. P. (1988). Manager-subordinate dyads: relationships among task and social contact, manager friendliness and subordinate performance in management groups. Organizational Behavior and Human Decisions Processes, 41, 65-82.
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1984). Information richness: a new approach to managerial behavior and organizational design. In B. M. Staw, & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior (pp. 191–233). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Davis, J. (1992). Exchange. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Deluga, R. J. (1988). Relationship of transformational and transactional leadership with employee influencing strategies. Group and Organization Studies, 13(4), 456-467.
Deluga, R. J., & Perry, T. J. (1994). The role of subordinate performance and ingraiation in leader-member exchanges. Group and Organization Management, 19(1), 67-86.
Devito, J.A.（1995）.The interpersonal communication book. Harper Collins College Publishers.
Dienesch, R. M., & Liden, R. C. (1986). Leader-member exchange model of leadership: A critique and future development. Academy of Management Review, 11, 618-634.
Doney, P. M., & Cannon, J. P.(1997). An examination of trust in buyer-seller relationrlip. Journal of Marketing.61, p35-51.
Drake, B.H., & Mobery,D.(1986). Communicating influence attempts in dyads：Linguistic sedatives and palliatives. Academy of Management Review, 11,567-584.
Eagly, A.H., & Johnaon, B. T. (1990). Gender and leadership style: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 108,233-256
Ellis, K., & Shockley, P. (2001). Trust in top management and immediate supervisor: the relationship to satisfaction, perceived organizational effectiveness, and information receiving. Communication Quarterly, 49(4), 382-398
Fairhurst, G., & Chandler, T. (1989). Social structure in leader-member interaction.Communication Monographs, 56, 215-239.
Fairhurst, G.F. (1993).The leader-member exchange patterns of women leader in industry: A discourse analysis. Communication Monographs 60, 321-351.
Farh, J. L., Earley, P. C., & Lin, S. C. (1997). Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese society. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42, 421-444.
Fiedler, F.E.(1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). “evaluating structural equation models with unobervables and measurement error,” Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-50.
Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: The social virtues and the creation of prosperity. New York: Free Press of Glencoe.
Galbraith, C. S. (1990). Transferring core manufacturing technologies in high-technology firms. California Management Review. 32(4) 56-70.
Galford, R., & Drapeau, A.(2003). The enemis of trust. Harvard Business Review. Feb.
Gergen, D. (2000). Eyewitness to power: the essence of leadership, Nixon to Clinton. Simon & Schuster.
Gevedon, S. (1992). Leadership behaviors of deans of top-rated schools of nursing, Journal of Nursing Education, 31(5), 221-4.
Ghemawat, P. (2001). Distance still matters: The hard reality of golobal expansion. Harvard Business Review 79, (8), 137-147.
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R., & Mckee, A. (2002). The emotional reality of teams. Journal of Organizational Excellence. 21(2), 55-65.
Gostick, A., & Telford, D. (2003). The integrity advantage. Layton, UT: Gibbs Smith.
Graen, G. (1976). Role making processes within complex organizations. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, (pp. 1201-1245). Chicago: Rand McNally.
Graen, G. B., & Cashman, J. (1975). A role-making model of leadership in formal organizations: a developmental approach. In J. G. Hunt & L. L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership frontiers (pp.143-166). Kent State University Press.
Graen, G. B., & Scandura, T. A. (1987). Toward a psychology of dyadic organizing. Research in Organizational Performance, 30, 109-131.
Graen, G. B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 219-247.
Graen, G., & Schiemann, W. (1978). Leader-member agreement: A vertical dyad linkage approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 206-212.
Graen, G.B., Scandura, T.A., & Graen M.R. (1986). A field experiemental test of the moderating effects of growth need strength on productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 206-212.
Granovetter, M. (1985). Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91(3), 481-510.
Greenhaus, J., Parasuraman, S., &Wormley,W. (1990). Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 64–86.
Hagerstrand, T (1969): Innovation Diffusion as a Spatial Process, Pred translation, Chicago University Press, Chicago.
Hair, Jr. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatharm, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998) Multivariate data analysis, 5th ed. New York: Macmillan
Hall, E. T. (1966). The hidden dimension. Garden City, NY: Anchor.
Hallowell, N. (1990). Doing the right thing: genetic risk and responsibility, Sociology of Health & Illness, 21, .597-621.
Hart, K. M., Capps, H. R., Cangemi, J. P., & Caillouet, L. M. (1986). Exploring organizational trust and its multiple dimensions. Organization Development Journal, 4(2), 31–39.
Harvey, D. (1989).The condition of post modernity.Oxford：Blakwell.
Hays, R.B. (1988). Friendship In S.Duck(Ed), Handbook of personal relationships. Theory, research & interventions (1 st. edition) New York.John Wiley & Sons.
Helgesen, S. (1995). The female advantage: women’s ways of leadership, Doubleda/Currency, New York.
Hinds, P., and Kiesler, S. (2002). Distributed work. Cambridge MA. The MIT Press,
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences：International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hill, CA：Sage.
Hosmer, L. T. (1995). Trust: the connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics. Academy of Managemant Review, 20(2), 379-403.
House, R. J. (1971a). A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16, 321–328.
House, R. J., Spangler, W. D., & Woycke. J. (1991). Personality and charisma in the U.S. presidency: A psychological theory of leader effectiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 364-396
House, R.J. (1971b). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership In J.G.Hunt, & L.L.Larson (Eds).Leadership the cutting edges.Carbondale Southern Illinois University Press.
House, R.J., & Mitchell, T.R.(1974). Path-goal theory of leadership. Journal of Contemporary Business, 3, 81-97.
Howell, J. M., & Hall-Merenda, K. E. (1999). The ties that bind: The impact of leader-member exchange, transformational and transactional leadership, and distance on predicting follower performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(5), 680-694.
Howell, J. P. (1997). Substitutes for leadership: Their meaning and measurement-An historical assessment. Leadership Quarterly, 8(2), 113-116.
Howell, J.M., & Frost, P.J., (1988). A laboratory study of charismatic leadership, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 43(2), 243-269.
Isen, A.M., & Baron, R.A. (1991). Positive affect as a factor in organisational behaviour. Research in Organizational Behaviour, 13(1), 1-53.
Johnson-George, C., & Swap, W. C. (1982), Measurement of specific interpersonal trust: construction and validation of a scale to assess trust in a specific Other.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43(6), 1306-1317.
Judge, T. A. & Ferris, G. R. (1993). Social contex of performance evaluation decisions. Academy of Management Journal 36(1), 80-105.
Kark, R., & Shamir, B. (2002). The dual effect of transformational leadership: Priming relational and collective selves and further effects on followers. In B.J. Avolio, & F.J. Yammarino (Eds.).Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead: 67-91. Oxford: Elsevier Science
Katz, D., & Kahn, R.L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations. New York Wiley.
Kerr, S. & Jermier, J. (1978). Substitudes for leadership: their meaning and measurement. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 22, 374-403.
Klauss, R. & Bass, B. M. (1982). Interpersonal communication in organizations. New York: Academic Press.
Kline,R.B.(1998).Principles and practice of structural equation modeling.New York:The Guilford Press.
Konovsky, M. A., & Pugh, S. D. (1994). Citizenship behavior and social exchange. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 656-669.
Korda, M. (1975). Power: How to get it, how to use it. New York: Random House.
Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2002). The leadership challenge. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Kraut, R. E., Egido, C., & Galegher, J. (1990). Patterns of contact and communication in scientific research collaboration. In J. Galegher, R. Kraut, & C. Egido (Eds.), Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological bases of cooperative work (pp. 149-171). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Lafferty, C.L.（2003）.Organizational trust in hospital nursing staffs and its relationship to three performance indicators of organizational effectivenesss.
Laschinger, H.K.S., Finegan, J., Shamian, J., & Casier, S. (2000). Organizational trust and empowerment in restructured health care settings: Effects on staff nurse commitment. Journal of Nursing Administration, 30 (9), 413-425.
Leavitt, H. J. (2004). Top down: Why hierarchies are here to stay and how to manage them more effectively. Harvard Business School Press.
Lee, J. (1998a). Effective maintenance communication in superior-subordinate relationahips. Western Journal of Communication, 62(2), 181-208.
Lee, J. (1998b). Maintenance communication in superior-subordinate relationships: An exploratory investigation of group social context and the “Pelz Effect”. The Southern Communication Journal, winter, 144-159.
Lester, S.W., & Brower, H.H.(2003). In the eyes of the beholder: the relationship between subordinates’ felt trustworthiness and their work attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 10(2),17-33.
Leung, K., Bond, M. H.（1984）.The impact of cultural collectivism on reward allocation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, p.793–804.
Levine, R. (1997). Financial development and economic growth, Journal of Economic Literature 35, 688-726.
Lewicki, R.J., & Bunker, B.B. (1996). ‘Developing and maintaining trust in work relationships .In R.M. Kramer, d T.R. Tyler (Eds) Trust in organigations: Frontiers of theory and research: 114-139 Thousand Oaks. CA: Sage.
Liden, R. C., & Graen, G. (1980). Generalizability of the vertical dyad linkage model of leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 23(3), 451-465.
Liden, R. C., Sparrowe, R. T., & Wayne, S. J. (1997). Leader-member exchange theory: the past and potential for the future. Personnel and Human Resources Management, 15, 47-119.
Liden, R.C., & Maslyn, J.M. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24(1), 43-72.
Lindskold, S. (1978). Trust development, the GRIT proposal, and the effects of conciliatory acts on conflict and cooperation. Psychological Bulletin, 85(4), 772-793.
MacCallum .R.C. (1986). Specification researchs in covariance structure modeling. Psychologyical Bulletin,100, 107-120.
Mael, F. A., & Ashforth, B. E. (1995). Loyal from day one: Biodata, organizational identification, and turnover among newcomers. Personnel Psychology, 48(2), 309-323.
Manning, T. T. (2002). Gender managerial level, transformational leadership and work satisfaction. Women in Management Review, 17(5), 207-216.
Manogran, P., & Conlon, E. J. (1993). A leader-member exchange approach to explaining organizational citizenship behavior. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management (pp. 249-253), Atlanta, GA.
Mardia, K.V..(1985). Mardia’s test of multinormality. In S. Kotz & N.L. Johnson (Eds). Encyclopedia of Statistical Science.5, 217-221. New York: Wiley.
Mayer, R. C., & Davis, J. H. (1999). The effect of the performance appraisal system on trust for management: A field quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 123-136.
Mayer, R. C., J. H. Davis, & F. D. Schoorman, (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20, p.709-734.
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24-59.
McCauley, D. P. & Kuhnert, K. W. (1992). A theoretical review and empirical investigation of employee trust in management. Public Administration Quarterly. 16,265-278.
McClelland, D. C. (1985). How motives, skills, and values determine what people do. American Psychologist. 40(7), 812-815.
McDonald,R.P.,& Ho,M.R.(2002) Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analysis.Psychological Methods 64-82
McGrath, R. G.; Tsai, M. H.; Venkataraman, S; MacMillan, I.C（1996）Innovation, competitive advantage and rent: A model and test. Management Science 42, 3. 389-403
Mcknight, D. H., Cummings, L. L., & Chervany, N. L. (1998). Initial trust formation in new organizational relationships. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 473-490.
Mintzberg, H. (1973). The nature of managerial work. Newyork: Happer & Row.
Mishra, A. K. (1996). Organizational responses to crisis: The centrality of trust. In R. M. Kramer & T. R. Tyler (Eds.), Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research (pp. 261-287). Thousands Oak, CA: Sage.
Napier, B. J., & Ferris, G. R. (1993). Distance in organizations. Human Resource Management Review, 3(4), 321-357.
Ng, S. H. (1980). The social psychology of power. New York. Academic Press.
Nikandrou, N. P.& Bourantas,D. (2000) Gaining employee trust after acquisition: Implications for managerial action. Employee Relations 22(4)., P334~349.
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
Offermann, L. R., & Hellmann, P. S. (1997). Culture’s consequences for leadership behavior: national values in action. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28(3), 342–351.
Oldham, G., & Rotchford, N. (1983). Relationships between office characteristics and employee reactions: A study of the physical environment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28 (4), 542-556.
Olson, G. M., & Olson, J. S. (2000). Distance matters. Human-Computer Interaction, 15, 139-179.
O''Reilly, C.A. III, D.F. Caldwell, & W.P. Barnett (1989). Work group demography, social integration, and turnover. Administrative Science Quarterly, 34, 21-37.
O’ Reilly, C. A., & Pondy, L.R. (1979). Organizational communication. In S. Kerr(ed).Organizational Behavior, Columbus, OH: Grid.
Pawer, B.S., d Eastman, K.K. (1997). The nature of implications of contextual influenes on transformational leadership: A concepetanl examination. The Academy of Management Review, 22(1)80-109.
Perry, R. W., & Mankin, L. D. (2004). Understanding employee trust in management: Conceptual clarification and correlates. Public Personnel Management, 33(3), 277-291.
Podaskoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leadership behaviors and their effects on follows’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107-142.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Bommer, W. H. (1996). Meta-analysis of the relationships between Kerr and Jermier''s substitutes for leadership and employee job attitudes, role perceptions, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 380-399.
Podsakoff, P.M., Todor, W.D., & Skor, R. (1982). Effect of leader contingent and non-contingent reward and punishment behaviours on subordinate performance and satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 25, 810-821.
Puryear, E. F. (2000). American generalship character is everything: The art of command. Novato, CA: Presidio Press.
Rice, R. E., & Shook, D. E. (1990). Voice messaging, coordination, and communication. Im J. Galegher, R Kraut, & C. Egido (Eds), Intellectural teamwork: Social and technology foundation of cooperative work (pp. 327-350). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence erlbaum.
Ring, S. M. & Van de Ven, A. (1992). Structuring cooperative relationships between organizations. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 483-498.
Rosener, J. B. (1995). America’s competitive secret: utilizing women as a management strategy, New York, Oxford University Press.
Rotter, J. B.（1971）.Generalized expectancies of interpersonal trust. Ameracan Psychologist.26, 443-452.
Saegert,S., Swap,W. & Zajonc,R.B.(1973).Exposure,context and interpersonal attraction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,25, 234-242.
Sandelands, L.E., Glynn, M.A. & Larson, J.R. Jr., (1992). Control theory and social behavior in the workplace, Human Relations, 44(10), 1107-1130.
Sapienza, H. J., & Korsgaard, M. A. (1996). Managing investor relations: The impact of procedural justice in establishing and sustaining investor support. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 544-574.
Sarros, J.C, & Santora,J.C. (2001). The transformational-transactional leadership model in practice. Leadership of Organigation Development Journal, 22(8) , 383-393.
Scandura, T. A., & Graen, G. B. (1984). Moderating effects of initial leader-member exchange status on the effects of a leadership intervention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 428-436.
Serrs, A. & Graen, G.B. (1984). The dual attachment concept: longitudinal investigation of the combination of task characteristics and leader member exchange. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 33, 283-306.
Shamir, B. (1995). Social distance and charisma: Theoretical notes and an exploratory study. Leadership Quarterly, 6(1), 19-47.
Shockley-Zalabak, P., Ellis, K., & Winograd, G. (2000). Organizational trust: What it means, why it matters? Organization Development Journal, 18(4), 35-47.
Short, J. A. (1973). The effects of medium of communication on persuasion, bargaining and perceptions of the other. Cambridge, England: Post Office. Long Range Intelligence Division.
Sias, P. M., & Jablin, F. M. (1994). Differential superior-subordinate relations, perceptions of fairness, and coworker communication. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Speech Communication Association, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Sitkin, S. B., & Roth, N. L. (1993). Explaining the limited effectiveness of legalistic “remedies” for trust/distrust. Organizational Science, 4(3), 376-392.
Smith, J. B. & Barelay. (1997).The effect of organizational differences and trust on the effectiveness of selling partner relationships. Journal of Marketing, 61(1), 3-21.
Solomon, R. C., & Flores, F. (2001). Building trust in business, politics, relationships, and life. New York: Oxford University Press.
Spark, J.（2000）Exploring trust : a dynamic and multidimmsional model of interpersonal trust development in a task setting. Project demonstrateing excellence presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree. The Union Institute.ProQuest Information and Learning.
Sparrow, R. & Liden, R. ,(1997). Process and structure in leader-member exchange. Academy of Management Review, 22 (2), 522 -552.
Steele, R. A. (1975).Application of equity yield analysis in appraisal reports. The Appraisal Journal, 43(2), 194-
Stock J. H. (1988). Estimating continuous-time processes subject to time deformation. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83(401), 77–85.
Triandis, H. C. (1960). Cognitive similarity and communication in a dyad. Human Relations, 13, 175-183.
Tseng, H. C., Chen, T. F., & Chen, F. I.（2005）. Constructig and testing a model of trustworthiness,trust behavior and organizational identification. Journal of Nursing Research, 13(4), 293-304.
Vecchio, R. P., Griffeth, R. W., & Hom, P. W. (1986). The predictive utility of the vertical dyad linkage approach. The Journal of Social Psychology, 126, 617-625.
Waldman, D. A., & Yammarino, F. J. (1999). CEO charismatic leadership: Levels-of-management and levels-of-analysis effects. Academy of Management Review, 24, 266-285.
Walther, J. B. (1996). Computer-mediated communication: Impersrnal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Commumication Research. 23,1-43.
Wheeler, J.O., Muller, P.O., Thrall, G.I., & Fik, T.J. (1999) Economic geography. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
White, R., & Lippitt, R. (1968). Leader behavior and member reaction in three social climates. In D. Cartwright & A. Zander (Eds.), Group dynamics: Research and theory (318-335). New York: Harper & Row.
Whitener, E. M. (1997). The impact of human resource activities on employee trust. Human Resource Management Review, 7(4), 389-404.
Whitener, E. M., Brodt, S. E., Korsgaard, M. A., & Werner, J. M. (1998), Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustworthy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 513-530.
Yagil, D. (1998). Charismatic leadership and organizational hierarchy: attribution of charisma to close and distant leaders. Leadership Quarterly, 9(2), 161–176.
Yamagishi, T., & Yamagishi, M. (1994). Trust and commitment in the United States and Japan. Motivation and Emotion, 18, 129-166.
Yammarino, F. J. (1994). Transformational leadership at a distance. In B. M. Bass & B. J. Avolio (Eds.).Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership (pp.26-47). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Yammarino, F.J., & Bass, B.M. (1990).Transformational leadership at multiple level of analysis. Human Relations, 43, 975-995.
Yammarino, F.J., & Jung, D. (1998). Asian-Americans and leadership: A levels of analysis perspective. Journal of Applied Behavior Science, 34, 47-67.
Yukl, G.A.（1989）. Leadership in organization.（3nd ed.）Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
Zhu, W, Magy, D.R., & Avolio, B.J., (2004). The impact of ethical leadership behavior on employee outcomes: the roles of psychological empowerment and authenticity. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 11(1), 16-27.
Zucker, L. G. (1986). Production of trust: Institutional sources of economic structure, 1840–1920. In B. M. Staw and L. L. Cummings, (eds). Research in Organizational Behavior, vol. 8, 53–111. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.