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題名：魔術師的召喚:在《魔法師》中康奇斯對尼古拉斯心靈啟發之研究
作者：盧嘉麟
作者(外文)：Vince Jia-lin Lu
校院名稱：國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱：英語學系
指導教授：廖本瑞
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2008
主題關鍵詞：上帝遊戲；後現代主義；全知全能之眼；去中心；芸芸眾生；萬中選一；Godgame；Postmodernism；All-Seeing Eye；de-center；the Many；the Few
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論文名稱: 魔術師的召喚: 在《魔法師》中康奇斯對尼古拉斯心靈啟發之研究 系所組別: 英國語文學系博士班文學組 畢業時間與提要別: 九十六學年度第一學期論文提要 指導教授: 廖本瑞 博士 研究生: 盧嘉麟 論文提要: 在《魔法師》自序之結尾中，約翰．傅敖斯明確指出: 「假如這部小說有什麼中心主旨的話，或許就是我原先所想到的書名《上帝遊戲》」。在此書中，傅敖斯讓康奇斯幻化成各式各樣的面貌，從怪力亂神到滿口科學術語，來代表我們一般人對上帝的看法。因此唯有深入探討其精心設計之上帝遊戲方能一窺其小說之究竟。 在《後現代的轉向》中，伊哈布．哈山就將當代主義和後現代主義做了初步的際分並表列諸如目的與遊戲、設計與機會、存在與缺席、整體與解構、中心與離散、意符與意指、確定性與不確定性等。在此圖表中，我們可以得知在當代主義，人們尋求一可靠神般之中心及其極權般之統御力量來鞏固在符號系統中意符與意指之固定關係。然而，看在後現代主義理論家之眼裡，意符與意指之關係充其量只是充滿任意性。此種符號指涉過程中產生的破裂斷層，就是德希達之延異 (differance) 過程。換言之，從後現代主義角度來看，世界上不再存在具有獨裁統御能力的中心神祇。符號系統中意符與意指之關係也由固定性中解放為任意性。 本論文將研究在《魔法師》中康奇斯如何以其精心設計之上帝遊戲來引導並召喚尼古拉斯由多數之芸芸眾生搖身一變成為少數之萬中選一。論文首章簡介本《魔法師》之論文綜觀摘要。第二章將由後現代解構理論觀點來探討神般的魔術師康奇斯為尼古拉斯所設計的上帝遊戲背後所隱藏的哲學的智慧以及生命的意義。第三章將以雍格之原型心理分析以及雍格之「自我」理論來研究康奇斯如何幫助尼古拉斯一步步進入個別化過程，擺脫自我之面具、陰暗面束縛，進而達到身體與心理之成長。第四章論及智者康奇斯銳利之眼睛，就如同全知全能之眼 (All-Seeing Eye)，更像是燈塔在黑暗中綻放出明亮的智慧之光，成功引導尼古拉斯重新找到生命的方向。末章乃為結論，綜述各章要點。
AbstractIn the near end of the “Foreword” in The Magus, Fowles postulates that “If there was some central scheme beneath [the fiction] . . . it lies perhaps in the alternative title, whose rejection I still sometimes regret: Godgame” (10). He intends the Godlike Conchis to exhibit a series of masks representing human notions of God, from the supernatural to the jargon-ridden scientific. Because of this, the best way to start exploring and analyzing Fowles’ novel is to dip into his Godgames. In The Postmodern Turn, Ihab Hassan distinguishes modernism from postmodernism and provides schematic differences such as Purpose vs. Play, Design vs. Chance, Presence vs. Absence, Totalization vs. Deconstruction, Centering vs. Dispersal, Signified vs. Signifier, Determinacy vs. Indeterminacy and Transcendence [Transcendental God] vs. Immanence [Immanent God].(91-92) From the schema provided by Ihab Hassan we know that in modernism, people search for a fixed Godlike-center and its totalizing forces to control and consolidate a signature system between signifier and signified. In the beginning of the twentieth-century, determinism preserved the possibility of an omniscient God directing the world. In postmodernism, the signifier never refers to a fixed signified. Instead, the relationship becomes arbitrary, the rupture of the signifying process, or the Derridean differance. There is no center or ubiquitous God which can determine or direct the world. According to Jacques Derrida, the ubiquitous God is like an authoritative totalitarian who symbolizes the center to whom the postmodern exists to challenge. Totalization is, therefore, defined at one time as useless, at another time as impossible. So far as meta-fiction fiction is concerned, the Godlike author loses his authoritarian power in controlling his characters. This dissertation will study Conchis’ ways of conjuring as his master-pupil trickery, and simultaneously explore how he leads Nicholas Urfe from one of the Many into one of the Few. The First Chapter is the “Introduction.” The Second Chapter “Magician from a Master Story-teller to a Master Godgame Player” explores and analyzes the philosophy of wisdom and the meaning of life in the major stories told by Conchis. Besides, also will be discussed is the condition of Conchis’ Godgames from the modern-end of purpose to postmodern hazard and chance in light of the postmodern theorists such as Jacques Derrida, Jean-Francois Lyotard and Ihab Hassan, et. al. In Chapter Three, “Jungian Archetypal Image of Wisdom and Individuation,” intends to explore the meanings of archetypal images in the Tarot cards in The Magus, and how Conchis, the symbolic magus in the Tarot cards, helps Nicholas Urfe promote his spirituality through the inner-most journey. Chapter Four is entitled “All-Seeing Eye’s Surveillance of the Many,” which explores how Conchis uses the All-Seeing Eye technique as his magic conjuring power to enlighten and internalize the wisdom of the Few to the Many. Finally Chapter Five is “Conclusion.”
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