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題名:知識專利密集型之研發合作:技術創新、創新價值與聯盟治理結構之影響因素探討
作者:李銘忻
作者(外文):Ming-Hsin Li
校院名稱:元智大學
系所名稱:管理研究所
指導教授:陳弘信
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2008
主題關鍵詞:創新生技製藥聯盟互賴專利研發innovationbiopharmaceuticalalliance governanceinterdependencepatentR&D
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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知識經濟社會之創新已為企業競爭優勢重要關鍵來源,同時組織間研發合作聯盟更甚於過去10年。此兩種因子結合對企業創新能力的影響,成為競爭優勢研究之重要課題。然而,企業間研發合作聯盟結構與企業之創新績效關係仍未明朗。本研究經由文獻探討,融合交易成本理論、實質選擇權理論、資源基礎理論及知識基礎理論,本論文發展一種聯盟治理結構、創新價值與技術創新影響因素之模型理論。此模型說明影響聯盟合作創新績效的因素,及這些因素之間的關係。這些影響因子包含研發合作聯盟治理結構、跨國智財權與社會體制差異、資源互賴程度與雙方能耐差距、技術與創新程序之不確定性程度、是否產學合作、聯盟雙方預期之創新價值等因素。在研究設計上,本文係以全球生技製藥產業,產、學、研三者間之合作創新聯盟為研究對象,透過聯盟資料庫與美國專利資料庫收集資料,收錄年份從1976至2006。將所收集資料透過探索性分析與驗證性分析兩階段檢定本文所提出之量測模式與研究假說,結果得到下列結論:
1. 知識密集產業研發合作聯盟之組織控制模式與支付衍生利益金者技術創新之績效關係,為非線性之曲線關係(一種倒U型式)。
2. 當企業與科研機構進行研發合作聯盟時,則有助於支付衍生利益金者之技術創新績效,且績效高於未與科研機構進行研發合作者。
3. 當聯盟雙方間之組織控制程度增加,正向影響聯盟雙方預期的共同創新價值之高低。即雙方聯盟預期價值極大化,須先識別交換夥伴間的組織互賴程度。
4. 企業與科研機構進行研發合作聯盟,雙方合作聯盟策略將會以較低之組織層級關係進行研發合作聯盟。
5. 當企業與國際研發夥伴進行聯盟時,其偏好層級控制的程度將因聯盟夥伴母國之對該技術智財權法規保護程度低而增強。
6. 當企業與國際研發夥伴進行聯盟時,其偏好層級控制的程度將因聯盟夥伴母國之社會體制對該技術適合發展程度高而增強。
7. 當聯盟雙方資源互賴程度增加,雙方合作聯盟策略將會以較高之組織層級關係進行研發合作聯盟。
8. 當聯盟技術不確定性程度增加,雙方合作聯盟策略將會以較低之組織層級關係進行研發合作聯盟
9. 當聯盟創新程序不確定性程度增加, 雙方合作聯盟策略將會以較高之組織層級關係進行研發合作聯盟
In the knowledge society innovation plays a key role in determining a firm’s competitive advantage. Simultaneously inter-organizational R&D collaborations have grown over the last decade. These two factors combined place alliance’s contribution to the innovative capabilities of the firm as an important question within competitive advantage studies. The effects between the governance structure of R&D alliance and its innovative performance is, however, not well understood. Through a review of the literature I develop a contingency model from combing the transaction cost economics (TCE), real option (RO), resorce-based view (RBV) and knowledge based view (KBV) for research purposes. The purpose of this study is to find the factors influcing inter-firm innovative performance and the relationships among these factors. The data collecting from global biopharmaceutical alliance and patent database (1976~2006) were used in exploratory and confirmatory phases to evaluate the instruments and test the hypotheses. The conclusions are listed as below:
1. The effect of the level of inter-firm organizational interdependence in an international R&D collaboration will be nonlinear; their jointly innovative performance will increase up to an optimal level beyond which higher levels of inter-firm organizational interdependence will lead to a decline in innovative performance.
2. Firms that collaborate with science-based knowledge organizations have better innovative performance than those that collaborate with non-science-based knowledge organizations.
3. An increase in the level of the interfirm’s organizational interdependence will increase the joint innovation value.
4. Firms that collaborate with science-based knowledge organizations have lower inter-organizational interdependence than those that collaborate with non-science-based knowledge organizations.
5. The inter-organizational interdependence in an international R&D collaboration is inversely related to the level of intellectual property rights protection in the home country of its partner.
6. The level of inter-organizational interdependence in an international R&D collaboration is positively related to the level of suitability of social institution in the home country of the partner.
7. Greater resource co-specialization increases the likelihood that more interdependent inter-organizational governance forms will be used.
8. Higher technological uncertainty reduces the likelihood that inter-organizational governance forms will be interdependent.
9. Higher innovation stage uncertainty increases the likelihood that more interdependent inter-organizational governance forms will be used.
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