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題名:中國大陸省市經營環境評估-綠色營運指標之延伸分析
作者:孔佩伊
作者(外文):KONG, PEIYI
校院名稱:中原大學
系所名稱:商學博士學位學程
指導教授:李正文
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2023
主題關鍵詞:綠色經營環境永續發展評價體系企業社會責任空間杜賓模型灰色關聯分析模糊集定性比較分析Green Business EnvironmentSustainable Economic DevelopmentCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR)Spatial Dubin Model (SDM)Grey Relational Analysis (GRA)fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA)
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當今世界正處於新一輪發展和變革的調整時期,世界各國對資源的競爭日趨激烈,貿易摩擦和地緣政治衝突加劇,COVID-19疫情的反復威脅,全球經濟處於低迷狀態,增長動能不足,不確定性風險增加。此外,由於全球氣候變化,碳排放加劇,極端天氣頻繁發生,人類對於生存環境、永續發展更為關注。經營環境的提升是國家競爭力和政府治理能力提升的重要體現,優化經營環境可以更好的啟動內生動力,釋放潛在產能,優化經濟結構,不僅可以推動經濟高質量發展,亦能為身處其中的企業形成助力。
本文以中國大陸30個省(直轄市)作為研究對象,在過去經營環境評價指標體系的基礎上,增加了體現生態與環境保護、永續發展評價指標,構建包含5個一級指標和29個二級指標的省級綠色經營環境評價指標體系。利用主成分分析法(PCA)對大陸各省(直轄市)綠色經營環境進行評價和排序。在綜合評價各省(直轄市)綠色營商環境水準基礎上,借助莫蘭指數和空間杜賓模型,從總體經濟視角探討綠色經營環境對經濟永續發展的影響。個體經濟研究則以企業社會責任(CSR)為著眼點,採用灰色關聯分析方法(GRA)和模糊集定性比較分析法(fsQCA),深入分析綠色經營環境中的不同構面對企業社會責任的影響。
結果顯示:首先,大陸各省(直轄市)綠色經營環境發展不均衡,東部省(市)綠色經營環境整體評分高於中部和西部地區。廣東、上海、江蘇、北京和浙江的綠色經營環境位於前列;新疆、貴州、寧夏、甘肅和青海位列最後。其次,綠色經營環境具有顯著的空間效應,不僅對本地的經濟永續發展具有正向的促進作用,對周邊地區的經濟發展同樣也具有空間溢出效應。東部地區省市整體經營環境主要受益於本地的綠色經營環境发展,而中西部地區經濟永續發展除了依靠本地經營環境助力外,還需要與周邊省市協同發展。最後,綠色環境和技術環境是影響企業承擔社會責任的關鍵因素,但企業社會責任的承擔並不單純受到綠色營商環境中單一構面的影響,而是不同構面有機結合形成的組態效應,並提出實現企業高度社會責任的4條不同路徑。
Nowadays, the world is undergoing a period of adjustment for a new round of development and change. Countries worldwide are increasingly competing for resources, trade frictions and geopolitical conflicts are intensifying, the COVID-19 epidemic is repeatedly threatened, the global economy’s growth momentum is insufficient, and the uncertainty risk increases. In addition, due to global climate change, carbon emissions are intensifying, and extreme weather occurs frequently, human beings pay more attention to the living environment and sustainable development.
Improving the business environment is essential for the nations to enhance competitiveness and governance capacity. Optimizing the business environment can better activate endogenous power, release potential production capacity, and optimize the economic structure, and it can promote high-quality economic development and and help the enterprises in it.
This dissertation takes 30 provinces (municipalities) in the mainland of China as the research object. Based on the previous business environment evaluation indexes, the proposed Green Business Environment Evaluation Index adds evaluation indicators that reflect ecology and environmental protection and sustainable development, including 5 dimensions and 29 indicators. First of all, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to evaluate and rank the provincial and municipal Green Business Environment. Second, on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of the Green Business Environment for each province (municipalities), the impact of a Green Business Environment on sustainable economic development is discussed from the macroeconomic perspective using the Moran index and spatial Durbin model. Third, from the microeconomic aspect, the research focuses on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), adopts Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), and deeply analyzes the influence of different aspects of the Green Business Environment on CSR.
The results show that: there is a strong correlation between the Green Business Environment and economic development in the mainland of China, but the development is uneven. The overall Green Business Environment score of the Eastern regions is higher than that of the Central and Western regions. The Green Business Environment has a significant spatial effect, which not only positively promotes the sustainable development of the local economy but also has a spatial spillover effect on the economic development of surrounding areas. Finally, the Green Environment and Technological Environment are the key factors affecting CSR. Although CSR is not simply affected by a single aspect of the Green Business Environment, a configuration effect formed by the organic combination of different aspects, four different paths are found to enhance the high level of the company’s CSR.
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