素食有益人體健康，但亦有研究顯示，素食者體重有兩極化現象，錯誤的觀念或營養知識缺乏、不當的烹調行為、不宜的飲食搭配、反易造成素食者營養不良的危險。本研究為量化研究，以臺南縣市的成人素食者，吃素時間至少一年以上，且三餐均吃素者為研究對象，調查其素食營養知識、茹素態度、茹素行為及素食烹調行為，並了解其間之關係，以及探討素食烹調行為的因果關係模式。抽樣方法採立意取樣，共發出562份問卷，回收395份，共得有效問卷336份。研究的重要結果有：(1)受試者的素食營養知識情形不佳，尤其是在衛生安全方面的知識較差。(2)大部分受試者對素食較傾向正向態度，認為吃素是健康、環保的，也會持續其茹素行為。(3)大部分受試都不常表現出正確的素食烹調行為。(4)素食烹調行為之因果修正模式獲得支持，唯尚需進一步確認模式的穩定性。根據研究結果，本研究建議教育有關單位加強素食教育，充實成人在素食衛生安全方面的知識。並建議後續研究可加入其他可能的變項，如烹調自我效能、健康信念，以獲得更具解釋力的因果關係模式。

In generally speaking, vegetarian diet is good for health. However, vegetarians may be malnutrition resulted from lacking of nutrition knowledge and inadequate cooking practices. The purposes of this study were (1) to understand the vegetarian nutrition knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and cooking practices of adult vegetarians in Tainan. (2) To explore the causal model of vegetarian cooking practices. This study was a quantitative study. The population of this study was the adult vegetarian who lived in Tainan has taken vegetarian diet more than one year. Questionnaires were used to collect data by purposive sampling techniques. 562 questionnaires were sent out and 395 were returned, 336 were valid. The major findings of the study were as follows: (1) The vegetarian knowledge was not good enough, especially in food sanitation and food safety. (2) Most of the subjects had positive attitudes toward vegetarian diet, and were likely to continue their vegetarian diets. (3) Most subjects took appropriate cooking actions unusually. (4) A modification causal model was supported by results, but should be further reconfirmed.