按競爭事業間之聯合行為，透過在市場中限制競爭損害消費者之利益，為各國競爭法制所禁止，我國公平交易法第14條原則上禁止聯合行為，依同法第7條規定聯合行為係指事業有以契約、協議或其他方式之合意，與有競爭關係之事業就共同決定商品或服務之價格，或限制數量、或技術、產品、設備、交易對、交易地區等，相互約束事業活動之行為，但聯合行為之形態隨著時間之演進，事業所採取規避措施更加多元，執法機關常須耗費更多的人力物力才能發現該聯合行為，加以處罰，所以如何有效地發揮查緝聯合行為功能，成為各國競爭法執法機關所要面對的重要課題，其中源於美國之減免罪責政策 (寬恕政策，Leniency Programs) 成為近年來各國競爭法制採取之措施。 行政院公平交易委員會近年來政策亦認應採寬恕減免責任政策，圖對聯合行為收防範及嚇阻之效果，然各國法制均有其背景，且就聯合行為之寬恕減免責任之規範或措施，除美國外，其他國家亦有內容不一之規範，本文試就減免罪責政策之經濟分析概述為始，並討論說明世界各主要經濟發展國家及地區之聯合行為之寬恕減免責任規範'進而說明我國公平交易法關於聯合行為減免責任規範草案及該規範草案之缺點，並檢討我國聯合行為減免罪責條款之可行性，最後並提出我國規範應有之內容及配套措施。

Concerted action is prohibited under Article 14 of the Fair Trade Act of Taiwan, R.O.C. And, in this regard, it has become increasingly rare that the competition authority detects cartels in recent years. An effective leniency program, nevertheless, can encourage cartel members to inform the authority about their actions before an investigation is opened. This paper begins by discussing the regulations and practices of leniency programs in the U.S.A., the E.U., Germany and Korea and continues by reviewing and analyzing the elements of Article 14 of the Fair Trade Act of Taiwan. It also outlines and comments on the provisions of the leniency programs that were drafted in 2∞3 to amend the Fair Trade Act. This paper then presents the prerequisites for adopting and implementing such leniency programs.