因應政府全面向毒品宣戰，民國85年間立法通過「法務部戒治所組織通則」後，依法需設置專收毒品犯之戒治所，依據該法第8條規定戒治所設有社會工作員之編制，由於當時戒治所係附設於各監獄之中，自此各監獄開始陸續進用社會工作員，而此時社會工作的專業理念與服務也開始被引進監獄矯正體系，多年來彼此間產生了微妙的互動，本文係以文獻探討方式，嘗試以監獄矯正模式為主軸，探索社會工作者在監獄矯正體系之角色定位，並參考國外行之有年的學校社會工作模式，勾勒出監獄社會工作的模式，最後並對未來監獄社會工作的發展提出具體之建議。

After the passage of the Organization Law of Drug-Abuser Treatment Center in 1996, positions of social workers were set for the drug-abuser treatment center in prison. The professional thinking and services of social work were initially brought into the correctional system when prison administration functioned the role of social workers. After several years, multi-fold interactions between correctional officers and social workers occur. Based on the method of literature review, this article focuses on the role and service model of social work in prison. Meanwhile, this article will provide some feasible suggestions for the future prison social work.